Serotonin hormone of happiness ... The psychoanalytic concept of transference ... Mega Post » Mental Health

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  1. Serotonin hormone of happiness
  2. Better understand the unconscious
  3. EMDR, saves time and money by resorting to a psychologist
  4. When the body is not good, not mind ...
  5. Brain sensors that dominate your actions: Eat Drink Man Woman
  6. Parapraxes: An unconscious desire?
  7. So we influence climate, mood and health
  8. Unemployment: the psychological health of the family at play
  9. The psychoanalytic concept of transference

Serotonin hormone of happiness

Did you know that your brain is capable of producing substances that are responsible for regulating such important functions as the quality of your sleep, your body temperature or your stress level? In all this, it influences a specific neurotransmitter know as serotonin. Let 's see what it is, what functions have and how we can improve your levels.
• What is serotonin?
• Functions of serotonin
• serotonin levels
• Low serotonin and depression
• How to improve our levels of serotonin
• Conclusion

What is serotonin?

Serotonin is a hormone which acts as a chemical neurotransmitter in the brain and as a vasoconstrictor in the other body. Most it occurs in the intestine and also in the brain because it can not cross the blood brain barrier, being necessary, therefore, that the brain his own manufacture.
Serotonin will play a very important role in our mood, anxiety level and overall happiness, being directly responsible for our mood and / or mental balance. Here are some of the functions in which it acts.

Serotonin functions

regulates appetite: Serotonin is the hormone that regulates such basic functions as our appetite and in particular satiation.
Regulates the quality of our dream has a direct influence on the quality of our sleep, acting as regarding internal clock cycles wake / sleep and is, along with melatonin, responsible. Both deficits are associated with insomnia.
• It balances our sexual desire: Optimal levels of serotonin have a direct relationship with libido or sexual desire.
Involved in distress : Serotonin has direct action on other neurotransmitters such as dopamine or norepinephrine, helping to regulate aspects as our levels of anxiety in certain situations. • Improve our cognition : Optimal levels of serotonin are associated with improvements in our memory. • Other aspects such as our bone density levels or our body temperature are also influenced by serotonin.


Serotonin levels

We can measure the levels of the same through analytics. Factors such as stress, or hormonal changes, especially estrogen, are some of the reasons why serotonin is altered. Low levels of serotonin are associated with schizophrenia, infantile autism, obsessive compulsive disorder, hyperactivity, depression, aggression, migraines and insomnia. By contrast, excess thereof produces a sense of wellbeing, relaxation, increased self-esteem and concentration.

Low serotonin and depression

Low blood levels of serotonin have been associated with depressive problems. Medications such as selective reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) may affect serotonin levels in the body, working as antidepressants and help relieve symptoms of depression. Some of the best known are: citalopram, fluoxetine, paroxetine and sertraline.

How to improve our levels of serotonin

Sun exposure : It has been shown that sun exposure is a factor that enhances our mood. By the same body secretes endorphins and serotonin, hormones involved with pleasure and well - being. There is a direct relationship between the months of less solar exposure and mood disorders, people we are better when we can expose more sun.
Exercise : Exercise helps us feel better, let go endorphins and help increase brain serotonin function.
Diet : Eating foods rich in tryptophan, an essential amino acid in our diet, which is mainly produced from food and is linked to the production of serotonin, helps improve mood, cognition, especially our retention capacity and / or memorization and possibly to increase our serotonin levels. Some of the foods rich in tryptophan are: fish (especially blue), red meat, milk, eggs, legumes such as lentils, chickpeas or soybeans and some nuts such as pistachio.

conclusion

Establish healthy habits, which combine a proper diet, sun exposure and physical exercise, it helps maintain regularized our brain serotonin levels.

Better understand the unconscious

The unconscious is usually associated with our impulses, our most secret desires or our fears, but often we forget it. However, ignore it is not the solution. In addition, it is recalled that the unconscious sends us messages constantly. Saverio Tomasella psychoanalyst explains why and tells us how to turn our ally to know us better and get rid of desaventuradas repetitions.
• How the unconscious manifest itself?
• The unconscious, the place where we keep all our inhibitions
• How does the subconscious work?
• Opening potential horizons!
Poets often find their inspiration in the unconscious, psychologists insist that we should try to find out ... The unconscious, that mystery that haunts us, can be an obstacle that impedes our development and at the same time, our most powerful ally. And it is that " the unconscious is everything that bothers us all that we reject and hide but also the divine treasure of our potential, " says the analyst Saverio Tomasella. By definition, the unconscious awake all that is not conscious and that, therefore, we are left to discover.

How the unconscious manifest itself?

In your dreams! That's where the unconscious actually resides. In his treatise on dreams, Hippocrates, the father of modern medicine (460-460 BC) stressed the importance of dream content to determine a symptom. Later, in 1899, the famous psychoanalyst Freud imposes his theory of the unconscious with the publication of Die Traumdeutung . In the play, Freud militates in favor of an unconscious creative activity. According to him, the man desires and impulses that form, since consciousness does not accept them, are rejected. That energy is stored and the individual must evacuate in order to alleviate psychic tension. Given the hypothesis that dreams feed on conflicts of childhood, Carl Jung believes that sleep is a path to individual unconscious which, in turn, allows access within a collective unconscious.

The unconscious, the place where we keep all our inhibitions

The unconscious, which often is usually related to something dark, hiding our impulses, our desires unspeakable, deeper our anxieties and our traumas. Hence, in general, we show ourselves reluctant to delve into it. However, neither ignore is ideal; the unconscious attempt to demonstrate, almost always without you realize, as pointed out by our expert: " Lapses, oversights, acts failed, repetitions desaventuradas ... are not only messages from the unconscious to remind certain things " .
For example, you can be upset or angry, without really knowing why: in that case, no doubt, is the unconscious that is pulling the strings. " This may be a memory that has been awakened by some event that you lived, " says Saverio Tomasella. Lapses are also very typical. That word, at any given time does not come out indicates a thought or desire to ignore completely and intends to come to light. Failed acts also fall into this category. Survivors air or rail disasters prove it. Something happened, something felt, for in the end, decide not to get on that plane or the train. Whatever they knew, but they were not aware of it!

How does the unconscious work?

Condensation : The condensation is the amalgamation or merger of very different realities (times, places, people, situations, ideas) that have been associated with a convergence or an unconscious resemblance.
Example: In a dream, Freud notes that the word botany condenses several realities: a teacher, whose name means "gardener", a "woman blossoming, " a patient named Flora, a young woman " whose husband had forgotten to bring her flowers " the favorite flower of his wife, a souvenir from Italy, etc.1
by displacement . The shift is to replace an important element (time, place, person, situation) for another (less valuable) because the unconscious has established a relationship.
Example: Annie go have a red car and suddenly invades sadness ... His father, who died a year ago, also driving a red vehicle. Thus, the sadness of the loss of his father moves to the color of the car.
Conversion . What can not be expressed through words, it is manifested by the body.
Example: Sonia hurts the gut before going to school. It is not able to clearly articulate why you do not want to go, so his desire to stay at home is manifested in your body.

The unconscious, our most precious ally

Since the unconscious is the basis of psychoanalysis and other therapies, it is essential to delve into it to know each other better, live better and feel free. " It also contains all our resources, our treasures and our secrets, " recalls our expert. By building a barrier of fear to discover everything that disturbs us, we run the risk of letting influence us. How? For repeating several acts whose meaning eludes us and, therefore, live as a fatality. But if we pay attention we will allow us to free ourselves from these unconscious patterns that dictate how to behave without us noticing and discover our deepest and authentic, that I do not know, besides other own education injunctions and the society.
We yield to temptation and conform to no disliking. So from very young, we strive to reduce scraps of information we possess. We must not forget that we are much more than we think. " Our unconscious reminds us that we have an incredibly rich inner life and only the light of consciousness can show us our possible horizons, " concludes Saverio Tomasella.

Opening to the possible horizons!

The field of new therapies, including hypnosis Eriksonian is the best known, and meditation practices to achieve full consciousness contribute to discover our incredible potential that still lies buried in our unconscious. Surely it is the most beautiful land that remains for us to explore within.

EMDR, saves time and money by resorting to a psychologist

We want to talk to one of the most powerful new techniques used today in psychotherapy: EMDR. In 2009, the APA (American Psychiatric Association) recognized as the most effective psychotherapy for treating the effects of trauma. Today, in addition to helping us leave the past behind, the Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (desensitization and reprocessing eye movement) has accelerated treatment processes multiple psychological disorders, allowing us to save time and money when going to a psychologist.
Discovered by chance in 1987 by Dr. Francine Shapiro American, the technique was first used in the US with great results in patients with PTSD, veterans from the Vietnam War to victims of sexual abuse or accidents. Today it has become a very effective tool for many therapists in their daily practice, as it helps our brain to reprocess the information and this accelerates the treatment of many diseases.
As we explained Jorge A. Calzado, Ad Vitam responsible for psychologists: "The human brain has the ability to assimilate hard or traumatic situations, but sometimes this capacity is overwhelmed, then these experiences are emotionally attached as a fingerprint we call traumatic. From now on, whenever we live a situation that somehow is similar or like what we live and recorded this traumatic memory, the brain will trigger that memory, we say is "cool" even though the experience was lived long ago "
EMDR starts again this natural ability reprocessing, giving an extra push, so that the brain is able to assimilate the experience that was stored traumatically and can move forward without these ghosts of the past return to visit recurrently.
The application of the technique is simple: "it is bilaterally stimulate the brain, ie presenting stimuli alternately in both hemispheres through one of the senses. They initially began applying through the view (hence the name of the technique), making it follow the patient point side to side of the visual field. Currently it applies also sounds presented alternately in each ear or by pat on the knees or shoulders. When we hit the right shoulder gently, we are stimulating the left hemisphere and vice versa. "
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In the last twenty years, Dr. Shapiro and his colleagues have devoted extensive research to give the technique a neurological basis and a solid theoretical foundation. " We still do not know much about the brain, but the EMDR is a very effective technique in psychotherapy and first choice in the treatment of PTSD. It is in this latter type of cases where we see how powerful technique. When the traumatic event is the result of a single event, such as an accident, assault, abuse, rape, etc. In this way, we can work quickly and often effective reasons for consultation as phobias, post - traumatic stress, trauma, etc. " In
addition, today is an everyday tool for many psychologists and psychotherapists in their consultations. "The interesting thing is that we can insert this technique in almost any therapeutic setting or working with different types of patients: we use it in all kinds of anxiety disorders, grief, phobias, substance abuse, chronic pain, sexual dysfunction, " says a Ad Vitam.
Remember that to be a psychologist who apply the technique should be formed therein through the official EMDR Institute has branches in many countries. Each therapist who has been trained for the EMDR Institute is registered in the register of the institute.
As for contraindications, this network of professional psychologists warn Madrid "should be aware that the patient can withstand intense emotional states, since this technique can reconnect with traumatic situations experienced before. In patients whose problem has a more organic base, such as major depression, bipolar disorder or psychosis should work with a psychopharmacological approach. "

When the body is not good, not mind ...

Having a serious or chronic illness often have a huge psychological impact. Cancer, diabetes, heart problems, AIDS ... very often, treatments forget the pain of the soul, and yet the body and mind are closely related.
• When diabetes goes to your head!
• A heart is a gem ...
• cancer testing
• Confronting AIDS
• Find a good support

When diabetes goes to your head!

More than 5 million Spaniards are diabetic. The impact of this chronic disease is more important than we think: these people are twice as likely to suffer depression than the rest of the population. However, the doctor who treats them very often forgets to worry about their mental well - being. Moreover, relations between the two diseases are complex.
In reality, of course there is a relationship between experience with the disease and the limitations associated with chronic treatment, but also diabetes would cause some hormonal changes that may favor a decrease mood. Conversely, depression may increase the risk of insulin resistance. Thus, the focus of welfare and quality of life should always be present in the treatment of this disease.

A heart is a gem ...

There are numerous links between mental illness and heart. According to US health authorities, "anxiety and depression double or triple the risk of hypertension, a leading cause of heart disease." In other words, one of every two people with heart problems suffer depression issues while this disease usually affects one person in five.
Therefore, it is a vicious circle: the more we suffer anxiety and depression, we run more risk of cardiovascular problems ... and more risks of being depressed! Therefore, the only way to overcome this spiral is to bring special attention to prevent mental wellbeing risks. So, do not hesitate to ask for help.

Cancer test

No one can appear calm before the announcement of a cancer. The diagnosis is an obvious source of anxiety or even depression. In addition, many hospitals already offer psychological support in addition to the classic treatment because depression will affect a quarter of people suffering from this disease.
Basically, counseling can decrease the severity of symptoms and side effects of treatment and improve quality of life.

AIDS face

Today, triple therapies have completely changed the treatment of AIDS, but do not cure the disease and treatments that are not exactly anodyne. Therefore, the psychological problems remain important: stress, anxiety, anguish ...
There is also a risk of dementia directly associated with the AIDS virus. Therefore The psychological support is essential! First, it can better cope with the disease, since there are numerous links between the immune system and mood, but this support is also important to combat the side effects of treatments and thus accept them better.

Find a good support

Confront a disease requires a significant mental strength. If you just been diagnosed with a chronic or serious condition, let alone isolate yourself and do not want to see anyone. This will help you not at all, but quite the opposite.
Do not hesitate to seek advice from a specialist, psychologist or psychiatrist. Because you can not improve physically if you are not well in the psychological aspect!

Brain sensors that dominate your actions: Eat Drink Man Woman

From time scientists and doctors are insisting that we do not listen to the body. It is true that he sends us signals when you have a -Drink need, eat, love, etc- but the rush of today are making us insensitive to those calls. But ... you know that the less if you do them less signals sent if the need persists?
• When you feel thirsty
• Hunger and satiety
• Eager to love
in certain parts of the brain such as the hypothalamus and the medulla oblongata, orders are generated to do certain things automatically (like breathing is done unconsciously) or we feel certain needs for maximum balance. But it seems that the pace of life today, some of these sensors are confused occasionally and do not send the right orders.

When you feel thirsty

The need to drink more or less amount of fluids is governed by an area known as the hypothalamus surpaóptica area. Its function is to remind us to drink to maintain fluid balance in the body. However, it is one of the centers most frequently forgets its goal. And if you do not drink, the thirst center is deactivated. And what result do you have? Because every time feel less the need, which is a problem in times of extreme heat because we lose more liquid and, if we do not need to drink, do not replenish.
But as the body is wise, when that happens the pituitary (gland governing the area) gives the order to produce more ADH, antidiuretic substance. That is, we urinate less. However, the solution is still to drink throughout the day, although not feel need for it.
Another curious fact about the center of thirst: the more water we have around us (people who drink; sources, etc) will be more active supraóptica area and the need to drink.

Hunger and satiety

In the lateral hypothalamic hunger center is located. It is constantly active and therefore needs a "moderator" to go holding you back . And that the center - its fullness contrary found in the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus is responsible. As we said, it regulates the above, but for that to happen the ideal way must take into account the levels of glucose circulating in the blood. If you are normal - and stable - all evens and satiety center off the hunger center (because the signal received is that you need not feel a big appetite, because the body still has fuel).
Therefore, endocrine and nutrition experts recommend eating something every 3 to 4 hours in order to maintain more or less similar levels of glucose and so the stomach does not remain completely empty as it stimulates the center - logically of hungry. That our stomach is full active, on the other hand, the other center, the satiety.
However, it seems that one of the consequences of not listening to the body is that we are feeling, even though our stomach is full, some need to eat. Really it is not hungry but appetite for something and, at that time, our brain deceives us. And why do it? Apparently because eating certain foods (very fatty, flavorful, crunchy texture ...) feels a pleasure and instant happiness, although it remains after the guilt.
Although it is not easy to overcome that desire, it should wait about 20 minutes (the time required for the brain to realize that it is not hungry) and avoid binge eating. The more you resist (by, for example, another enjoyable activity), more acallarás this false need to eat.

Eager to love

The center of sexual desire also exists. It is located in the brain area called the limbic lobe. In humans, the activity of this brain area is related to the amount of testosterone circulating in your body (if levels are low have little sexual desire); and women the hormone that governs this center is prolactin. A larger amount, less desire. When we suck the amounts circulating in the body are very high, hence it is normal that then not have wanted to maintain intimate relationships.
Another detail that makes the difference between them and they : are particularly sensitive to hormones just mentioned corner. It is called INAH3, it is also linked to sexual orientation (it has been found that gay people are different and closer to gender with which they identify rather than the one that marks their physical appearance) and is twice as large in the men than in women.
All this could influence the time to feel much desire. And of course, the need for a quick reward. Some experts say that many people (especially women burdens and responsibilities assumed) are turning in food for the immediate pleasure; usually they try to get most often through sex. In both cases our body is filled with dopamine and endorphins, hormones of pleasure.
As is the case with other "brain sensors, " the less sex you have less desired because we silence that need.

Parapraxes: An unconscious desire?

Forget that you've been with a friend, leave without airline tickets, lose car keys before showing up to a job interview ... According to Freud, not about accidents. So what is behind these failed acts? Reviewed by Pascal Zentz, a psychoanalyst in Paris.
• Not all are parapraxes!
• parapraxes: an unconscious fear
more frequent when receiving psychological treatment: • parapraxes
The notion of failed act was introduced by Freud in 1901 in his essay entitled The Psychopathology of Everyday Life . Parapraxes be revealing our unconscious concerns.

Not all are parapraxes!

"Not all oversights are parapraxes" says Pascal Zentz, psychoanalyst. "A Freudian slip is always something very personal, with oneself, " he adds. Therefore, it's something quite exceptional! So if you forget your keys at home, it is because you are distracted by a call, not simply deduzcas that this is a failed act. On the other hand, a Freudian slip can be spectacular, but it can also happen that are not identified immediately.
Rarely can do so voluntarily: " It will often be a friend or a psychiatrist who will tell you that it is a failed act, " explains Pascal Zentz. Another way to see if it is a failed act: "In a failed act, often does what it should do, but incomplete, " says the analyst. For example, you must catch a plane with your partner and he / she / he who has the tickets, but you like the "fix" for Eurpoean schedule. "In a failed act, one manages to make all things seem to be respected, but the thing is not done, " says the analyst.

parapraxes: an unconscious fear

"After a failed act there is something that is quite strong, hidden, " says Pascal Zentz. He adds: "Unconsciously, one is warned against anything which fears often explained that incongruously". For example, "If you airline tickets forgotten before a trip, we can say that after this action there is a desire not to go and a fear, " says this expert.
"After a failed act lurks something you do not want to face, but you must face it, " he says. For example: you lose your car keys before introduce you to a job interview.
What is it that encourages ask or consult? "If it becomes repetitive: you lose the keys often you forget that you have been, you are wrong time ..." says Pascal Zentz.

Parapraxes: frequently when you are receiving psychological treatment

"Acts failed, unusual in everyday life start to happen often when a psychological treatment begins. Patients forget they have time, take the bus in the opposite direction or even go to the correct number, but not the street playing, but for years they visit here, "he explains. "Or the day passes that come to play, but not at the right time, " he adds.
How to explain this? "Often in a picture of analytic treatment, reach a point where there are issues that the person does not want to deal" reveals Pascal Zentz. "And when you get to this point, try to understand why, " says the analyst.

So we influence climate, mood and health

In recent months it has become clearer than ever that we are totally exposed to the whims of weather. Thermometers rise and fall haphazardly on the same day, unexpected and very bleak winds, cold autumn and advanced in spring ...
• How to know if you "meteosensible"
• Environmental factors that we most damaging
Beyond the apocalyptic forecasts about distant future may be, should know that these sudden changes alter our mood every day ... and our health! And there are those who accuse him more than the rest.

How to know if you are "meteosensible"

In certain houses joke ensuring no need to hear the "weatherman" because someone in the family is able to predict even more adelanto- quite how climate will change in the coming hours.
Not usually eccentricities of that person but a very tangible reality: you feel discomfort, pain and swings in mood because your body is hypersensitive to atmospheric changes. And the note long before others can see them, and even more acutely. That person, and those like her, are called meteosensibles or meteorosensibles. And they are much more than it seems: up to 60% of the population could be.
But the rest of the population unexpected changes also affect them, but not the same way. According to some experts, there are five different "bioclimatic profiles", depending on which gene has touched each of which gland body is more active and how hormones released in more quantity. They are:
The balanced individual. Logically it is the ideal because, whatever the weather does not suffer the so - called "weather stress." The reason? Your hormones always fighting for the right balance and not even the most violent wind or the most unpleasant day can break it . If you do not usually complain about how you affect these sudden changes, surely you has touched in luck to be in the minority category.
The vagotonic. They tend to be those individuals who, with time changes, notice a very sharp dip in energy and suddenly lose their appetite, especially in the morning. It is because these climatic variations activate the vagus nerve (which connects the brain to the rest of the body) and make your body to manufacture more acetylcholine hormone that causes excessive relaxation.
The sympathicotonic. Changes in climate and atmospheric pressure cause in a position of permanent alert, so they become hyperactive, have a point of aggressiveness and even suffer from insomnia and can skyrocket your stress: in them otherwise than in the previous occurs right. If you look in the mirror they perceive surely have the most dilated pupils than usual.
The Serotonin. It seems to climate change, these people are altered serotonin levels. Yes, is the hormone of happiness but make "a time that does not touch" makes this hormone become disoriented. Therefore, they are especially irritable and may have small muscle spasms, heart palpitations and panic attacks. And one more fact: they have an inordinate craving for eating carbohydrates.
thyroid. In this case the thyroid hormone thyroxine manufactures large quantities, as in people with hypothyroidism, and your body is accelerated (has diarrhea, feeling hot, sweating ...), whether it 's cold as if it extreme heat. And again, moodiness and aggression appears.

Environmental factors that hurt us

Just as there is environmental comfort at home (and when we lose we seek to re - establish it with heating or air conditioning), outside can also be given the perfect weather conditions: if the temperature is between 20 and 25; the relative humidity between 40% and 70%; the air velocity is not less than 0.15 m / s and not more than 0.25 m / s; and the atmospheric pressure is around 1013.2 millibars and negative ionization ... we felt "in glory".
But that ever happens less often and our vulnerability is increasing. We believe that we control the environment, but the truth is that it is he who always holds the reins and makes us "pay" for each license that we take with Mother Nature:
Hours before a heavy rain or when there is strong wind, the atmosphere is charged with positive ions, so we are more irritable and nervous, with stiff limbs, lack of concentration, headache, sore throat and nasal congestion, as well as increasing our blood pressure. If you are meteosensible, you'll notice all this one or two days before the rain arrives. Once the storm discharge become "good" (negative) ions and our body secretes the right amount of serotonin, the hormone being. It has also been found that, after the rain, our wounds heal better.
• In very hot weather is normal for our stress and our glucose down, we feel energized and suffer migraines, conjunctivitis and allergies in addition to inattention. That "relaxation" makes us perceive the risks as minor. Some studies have shown that even in very hot days increased suicides.
At low pressures (usually it occurs when air is blowing a warm) bones ache more and digestive disorders are the order of the day as well as respiratory and circulatory. Furthermore it was found that when abrupt changes in atmospheric pressure (which comes to the weighing air) produced, the stroke or strokes occur.
When cold waves is normal to increase bronchitis, ulcers, poliartríticos pain, sciatica or lumbago ... But if the cold is accompanied by a high moisture (air contains more water vapor) and low atmospheric pressure be careful with my heart because most heart attacks occur.
The days of strong wind We all get cranky and we become more allergic (tiny airborne particles cause an annoying itchy eyes and nose). But we must distinguish between hot and cold winds: the first (true particularly in the so - called wind Foehn) cause headaches, migraines, difficulty concentrating and memorizing and even more traffic accidents and fights, both street and work and family. If the wind is blowing, by contrast, more cold we need to go to the bathroom, breathe worse and increase circulatory disorders because our brain parasympathetic system is overstimulated.
If strong air is maintained, such as occurs with Tramontana, we can have a depressive behavior.

Unemployment: the psychological health of the family at play

The negative psychological effects of unemployment not only the suffering people out of work but also the family and the community.
"The stress of unemployment can lead to decreased individual and family well - being, " says the Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues (Society of psychological studies of social affairs) in his work "The Psychological Consequences of Unemployment" ( "The consequences psychological unemployment "). (1)
With respect to children, stress and depression symptoms afflicting unemployed parents can negatively affect your relationship with children, for example, increasing punishments or arbitrarily punishing (McLoyd, 1998). As a result, children can also suffer from depression and anxiety. Depression in children and adolescents may lead to school failure, substance abuse, sexual risk behavior, physical health problems, difficulty in social relationships and increased risk of suicide .
In the same study it noted that the loss of work negatively affects relationships and family welfare worsens psychologists husbands and children. As underemployment, this is associated with lowered self - esteem, increased alcohol consumption and high rates of depression . In the case of pregnant women it has been established underemployment and babies born with a lower body weight considered healthy relationship. (Dooley & Prause, 2004).
Studies dating back to the Great Economic Depression suffered by the US in the 30s found that men who had suffered financial losses were more irritable, tense and react explosively. Children were usually paid the consequences, being victims of more and more arbitrary punishments. Those fathers in turn generated behaviors in children's tantrums, irritability and negativism, particularly in males. In girls, more cases of melancholia, hypersensitivity, feelings of inadequacy and adolescents also decreased aspirations (Elder, 1974; Elder, Caspi, & Nguyen, 1986) were recorded .Studies later confirmed the negative effects children experience when parents suffer economic losses (eg, Galambos & Silbereisen, 1987).
In the single women with children it found that unemployment generated more symptoms of depression which resulted in more punishments for teenagers. (McLoyd et al., 1994). These, in turn, showed more signs of depression.
Unemployment would also impact on decisions to marry and divorce. Unemployed or low - income people tend to marry less and divorce more than those who are employed or enjoy greater economic stability. (McLoyd, 1990).

The psychoanalytic concept of transference

The transfer is the central pillar of psychoanalysis. Discovered by Freud, this concept describes the relationship that binds the patient and psychoanalyst. We talked about its definition, its virtues and its possible complications with the psychiatrist and psychoanalyst Juan David Nasio.
• The origin of the psychoanalytic transference
• The virtues of psychoanalytic transference
• Excess psychoanalytic transference
"Besides being a crucial element of the psychoanalytic cure, the transfer is primarily a human phenomenon that can be felt in varying degrees in relationships among individuals, "says psychoanalyst Jean David Nasio, before addressing the psychoanalytic aspect. As a student may have unconsciously developed a special affection for philosophy professor because he spoke incredibly well ..." Or maybe when you were little you were very close to your uncle because he had wonderful stories, "explains psychoanalyst. This is a transfer.
the transfer is the function by which an individual transfers, unconsciously, and revives in their new ties, her old feelings. These emotions reappear in the this as we've imagined or fantasies past. This phenomenon is also very important for analytic treatment. For the psychoanalyst Daniel Lagache (1949), "it is primarily a shift of emotional behavior, in relation to a child object, especially parents, to another object or another person, especially the psychoanalyst at the time of treatment."

The origin of the psychoanalytic transference

The transfer was discovered by the Austrian psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud (1920). Worried about how to treat his hysterical patients, Freud used the hypnosis so they could remember. Seeking to revive those unpleasant emotions that were at the origin of his disorder, he realized the importance of the relationship with their patients.
The latter seemed to project onto the analyst figures and images of his childhood. "Define the transfer as a shift of affection from one person to another, ie, the analyst ..." explains psychoanalyst J.-D. Nasio. Freud used to make flow the emotions of the past and transform it into one of the pillars of psychoanalysis.

The virtues of psychoanalytic transfer

Of great importance in Freud's work, it promotes the transfer back to past trauma and therapeutic virtues of this special relationship that is established between patient and analyst, beyond the same psychoanalytic interpretation.
The analyst plays a real therapeutic agent. "An active presence of the therapist can be fed positively to transfer the patient to be discovered, known better and reach cured" says the analyst. The four main notions of transfer are love, desire, hatred and anxiety, which are the most present in the framework of the cure.

Psychoanalytic excess transfer

After transfer, comes the revelation of the object. Although the transfer facilitates the proper development of cures and relieves the person, you can quickly appear another problem: excessive transfer. The psychoanalyst arouse certain emotions in the patient, which can real affection, the feeling of love and even desire. Then transfer a problem. The fact that a patient falls in love with her analyst shows that the transfer has been mismanaged: it is a hypertrophy of the relationship, which is not desirable. The therapist will be responsible for putting an end to a transfer of loving or erotic nature. Good management of transfer is one of the main tasks of the therapist should be aware of this unique relationship and be careful not to stir a feeling. A patient / analyst relationship oriented toward a loving relationship, sexual or hate relationship represents a major obstacle in the way of healing.
Actually, the transfer is the center of all patient / physician relationship, whatever the new forms that today therapy. "For this reason, monitoring is a valuable network should have all the acrobats of the psyche, " says J.-D Nasio, who said that is a high risk job and requires good surveillance.