John Dalton… Akira Kurosawa… Luciano Pavarotti… Suleiman the magnificent… Roger Waters… Biographies Multiposts

Encyclopedia of Biographies of famous and historical figures

Biographies online:

1. John Dalton biography
2. Biography of Giovanni Fattori
3. Akira Kurosawa biography
4. Biography of Go Nagai
5. Biography of Dolores O'Riordan
6. Biography of Luciano Pavarotti
7. Sully Prudhomme biography
8. Biography of Suleiman the magnificent
9. Biography of Roger Waters

John Dalton biography

Stunning colors
September 6, 1766
July 27, 1844

Who is John Dalton?

John Dalton was born on 6 September 1766 at Eaglesfield, near Cockermouth, England, to a Quaker family. His childhood and adolescence are influenced by thoughts of Meteorologist Elihu Robinson, a prominent Quaker of his city, which he does excite the problems of meteorology and mathematics. Studying in Kendal, John helps to resolve questions and issues on various themes of "Gentlemen's and ladies ' diaries", and in 1787 he began to keep a weather diary (which will, for the next 57 years, with over 200,000 observations). At this time approaching the so-called "Hadley cell", i.e. George Hadley's theory concerning the atmospheric circulation.
Around twenty years of age takes into consideration the idea to study medicine or law, but its projects do not meet the support of parents: so, stays at home until, in 1793, doesn't move in Manchester. In that year he published "Meteorological observations and essays" (meteorological observations and essays), where there are the seeds of many of his later discoveries: the Treaty, however, receives little attention from academics, despite the originality of content.
John Dalton was appointed teacher of natural philosophy and mathematics at New College, thanks to the intervention of the blind philosopher John Gough and, in 1794, he was elected a member of the literary and philosophical society of Manchester ", the" Lit & Phil "; shortly after writes "Extraordinary facts relating to the vision of colours" (extraordinary Facts relating to the vision of colours), in which he argues that poor colour perception depends on fluid discoloration of the eyeball; Moreover, since both he and his brother colorblind, claims that that condition is hereditary.
Although his theory loses scientific credibility in the following years, its importance-even from the point of view of research method in the study of vision problems is recognized to the extent that the disorder gets its name from him: color blindness. In fact, John Dalton is not color blind, but suffers from deuteroanopia, a disorder for which he is able to recognize, in addition to Fuchsia and blue, only the yellow, that is what he calls "the part of the image that others call it red, and that to me seems little more than a shadow. For this reason, the Orange, yellow and green seem to me to be a single color, resulting in a uniform from yellow, more or less intense ".
Maintains the role of teacher in college until 1800, when the precarious economic situation of the structure causes it to abandon the place to embark on a new career as a private teacher. The following year he published his second work, "Elements of English grammar" (elements of English grammar). In 1803 Dalton seeks, first, to describe the atom, from two of the three fundamental laws of chemistry, and sets out the law of multiple proportions, which will become the third. According to the British scholar, the atom is a kind of microscopic size ball, full and indivisible (actually later finds out that the atom can be broken down, separating the electrons and the nucleus).
In the theories of Dalton there are errors (for example, he believes that pure elements are composed of individual atoms, which occurs only in noble gases), but the fact remains that, in the early nineteenth century, he gains a significant reputation in science, and in 1804 he was chosen to give courses in natural philosophy at the Royal Institution in London.
In 1810 Sir Humphry Davy proposes a candidate to enter the Royal Society, but Dalton refuses the invitation, probably for financial reasons; twelve years later, however, is the candidate without his knowledge. Remained unmarried, since 1833 the British Government awarded him a pension of £ 150, which becomes the 300 pounds three years later. Lived for over a quarter of a century in George Street, in Manchester, with his friend Reverend Johns, stops his routine laboratory research and teaching only for annual trips to the Lake District and sporadic visits to London.
In 1837 he suffered a first stroke: the event is repeated the following year, and depriving it of menomandolo ability to speak (but not preventing him from continuing his experiments). In may 1844 John Dalton suffers another stroke, and on 26 July of that year marks in his diary the latest meteorological observations of his life; the next day, dies after falling out of bed. The news of his death provokes dismay in the academic environment, and his corpse on display at Manchester Town Hall, is visited by over 40,000 people. Buried in Ardwick in Manchester, Dalton is also commemorated with a bust at the entrance of the Royal Manchester Institution.

Biography of Giovanni Fattori

Images of a passion and social policy
September 6, 1825
August 30, 1908

Who is Giovanni Fattori?

Giovanni Fattori was born on September 6, 1825 in Livorno. Is a precocious child, because since tiny proves to have an extraordinary talent for drawing. For this reason the father Giuseppe, at the age of 15 years, decides to send him to school by a painter, Giuseppe Baldini. It is precisely in the workshop of B that factors begin to define his own style and it is in his teacher who finds the courage to turn this talent into a profession. But first he must devote himself to study and refine his technique, still very immature.
Giovanni Fattori at the age of 21 years leaves his Livorno to go to Florence and enroll at the Academy of fine arts. Unfortunately her schooling is bumpy; on the one hand there are the economic problems that forced him to work and ignore the lessons, on the other hand the historical moment. In 1848, also takes part in the uprisings. Factors believes in the unification of Italy and his paintings tell his political passion, but also some historical facts in which she stars.
What has marked his career, in this period, is the siege of her hometown, Livorno, from the Austrians. This battle grows in him patriotism and desire for freedom. But not only conflicts with the Austria to occupy it. Law factors very much and loves classic literature. For this reason, in 1850, he joined a very exclusive, made by anti-academic artists who hang out at the famous Caffè Michelangelo in Florence.
Leave this circle of friends in 1852 to begin his professional career in autonomous way. Is the turning point, for factors, making his way with family portraits, landscapes and cartoons. It is during this time that he founded with Telemaco Signorini, Florentine painter in the early days, met at the Caffè Michelangelo, the macchiaioli movement.
Signorini is a very interesting character: it is the first to realize the expressive capacity of stains and to look at the painting across the border. The blur becomes a means to shape and to those things, and especially to make them realistic and truthful. Both Giovanni Fattori, Telemaco Signorini and are extremely interested in the social dynamics, unlike other macchiaioli, more oriented to paint landscapes.
The outbreak of the June 4, 1859 battle of Magenta, one of the most famous episodes of the second Italian war of independence. The event marks the two artists deeply, so much so that paints one of the Factors most important in her career (which takes its name from the collision between franco-Piedmontese and Austrian): the canvas there is conflict, but the return of the wounded after the battle. The political passion then leaves the place to the emotions and men. Is a mature framework (factors has 34 years) and very symbolic. But there is more, because, for the first time, highlights in addition to its pictorial qualities of Narrator.
In the early 1960s, back home, Factors in his Livorno. It is in this phase of life, which the painter realizes its ambitions: bride, romantic indeed, his girlfriend, Settimia Vannucci who attends for six long years. Unfortunately the marriage did not last long, because a year from Jessica wedding falls ill with tuberculosis, then dying in 18Factors continued to paint, but the pain is very strong. There are many works that depict women, starting from "portrait of his first wife at" La Rotonda di Palmieri ".
In this phase of life more private factors change the political mood. In 1861 is declared the Kingdom of Italy, but there is the renewal that the painter had hoped. Has a hard time, but also disappointment to bitterness. On the one hand, the beloved and the ill feeling that his ideals were these forever. Alongside factors, though, there is an important person who gives him the desire to not give up. This is the friend Diego Martelli, who often goes to find Factors in Castiglioncello. It is in these travels that he began painting the Maremma.
His career, however, comes at a turning point in 1869, when he was appointed Professor at the Academy of fine arts in Florence. In the Seventies he cultivates his passion for painting and foreign travels in Paris. At this time in France is a very important movement blossomed that the Impressionists, but is seduced not Factors. Back instead so overbearing social theme: in 1880 (production period) completes the painting "the battle of Custoza.
This is a very serene phase of his life. Emily's memory is present, but not torments him more. It is also the period of the Maremma, so much so that the landscapes that portray this land loved by factors are definitely the subject more portrait by the artist. But there's more. Meet Amalia Nollemberg, a Hungarian girl in Italy working as a nanny. He falls in love with this woman, much younger than himself, and lives an overwhelming passion. The story, however, did not last, because after several critical factors-decides to close the connection.
His love life has many surprises though and travels parallel with that professional. In 1885, in fact, know Marianna Baker (then a widow), and a few years later becomes his wife. Meanwhile, his career continues to reap huge successes and in 1890, after exhibiting in galleries in Italy, receives a special mention at the universal exposition in Paris. We are almost at the end of the century and collect international awards and produces magnificent etchings and engravings. In 1903 he loses his second wife. But this time is not a pain so great, in fact, only four years later, in Rome, she met Fanny Martinelli, his third wife. Factors and Fanny in 1908, both die just a few months away from each other. Giovanni Fattori died in Florence on August 30, 1908, at 82 years of age.

Akira Kurosawa biography

Oriental symbols on celluloid
March 23, 1910
September 6, 1998

Who is Akira Kurosawa?

Director, screenwriter and film producer, Akira Kurosawa Japanese born in the suburbs of Tokyo on March 23, 19The last of six children, owes most of his training with his brother Heigo, intellectual and film buff (who died in 1932); He is passionate about Shakespeare and the classics of Russian literature, taking the career of "benshi", movie music commentator. Thanks to this activity he met, between 1920 and 1928, most of the filmmakers ' films of the time. Finished high school, Akira studied painting and became part of the "League of proletarian artists", but then take over as Assistant Director P.C.L studies and later by the production company Toho.
In 1936 he was hired by a film production company as a screenwriter and Assistant Director. Works primarily with Director Yamamoto Kajiro and while writing screenplays are not credited until it appears in the credits of "Uma" (the horse, 1940), directed by Yamamoto. Following the collaboration with Yamamoto in 1943, passes and directed his first film "Sanshiro Sugata" (the legend of judo), the story of the exploits of one of the first competitive sports champions Japan par excellence: the work seems premature, but immediately reveals a considerable knowledge of the medium and a strong stylistic originality.
Kurosawa's expressive title already appears entirely consolidated with his next film, "Ichiban Utsukushiku (the sweetest, 1944), the story of workers in a factory of war materiel, which brings into play the young director's interest for the social relationship and to the living conditions of the lower classes.
The horror of war, although not experienced personally, suggested "Tora no o wo fumu otokatachi" (those who worked the tail of the Tiger, 1945). With Asu or hitohito tsukuruku "" (those who make tomorrow, 1946), is exalted his radically democratic vision, highlighted even more in "Waga kunashi seishunni" (I don't regret my youth, 1946), in which a University Professor fights against authoritarian bureaucracy with the help of his students.
He shot the film "Subarashiki nichiyobi" (A wonderful Sunday, 1947) during the two-year strike against the production company Toho. The film reveals an unexpected change of register, with a deepening of the gaze towards the themes of the individual. Akira Kurosawa stresses dreams of escape from a destitute young loving couple surrounded by a world of desolation. With the next "Drunken Angel" (1948), one of the most intense and engaging film around the first Kurosawa film, comes the debut of Toshiro Mifune: this work marks the beginning of a partnership between Director and actor that will last at least a couple of decades. In addition to "Drunken Angel" is with "The stray dog (or wild)" (1949) Kurosawa proclaims his unmistakable style. "Shibun" (scandal, 1950) is the latest film to work alongside Mifune.
With the films up to now turn manages to win a solid reputation at home. The world famous doors open with a series of films in a row: "Rashomon" (which won the 1951 Academy Award for best foreign film and the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival), a work of authoritative suggestion that translates quickly into an undisputed symbol of Japanese cinema. Mifune interprets the figure of a gangster who kills a samurai and his wife violent. The narrative construction of the film is based on the contrast of opposite versions of the characters, each of which, in the process which goes through the Bandit, tells the "truth", but also the soul of the murdered is called to tell her.
The film "Vivere" (1952) is the final "Act" of the life of a bureaucrat that acid, came to the threshold of death, choose to pursue the only freedom Act authorizing the construction of a playground that had previously always prevented. His unforgettable masterpiece is "the seven samurai" (1954), considered a sort of western Japan: western actually has only operated by looting Hollywood six years later with the remake "the magnificent seven". With this film Kurosawa won the Silver Lion at the Venice Film Festival, and received international acclaim earning the nickname of Tenno (Emperor). The movie runs in the West in a greatly reduced version; at home is criticized for "excessive concessions to Western taste. In truth the Kurosawa film contrasts with the bases of national tradition.
Kurosawa, now supported by major international awards, for a time managed to make a movie after the other.
After these great achievements, founded the "Kurosawa Films Production" with which he made films like "the bad sleep well" (1960), "Yojimbo" (1961) and "Sanjuro". It began to be considered the greatest Japanese Director and soon the rest of the world will consecrate him as a teacher. Trying to make inroads in the Olympus of Hollywood but to no avail, so back at home and with three other friends filmmakers (Kinoshita, Kobayashi and Ichikawa) founded a small independent production company, "the four horsemen". Following the failure of "Dodeskaden" (1970, overlooked by writers and panned by critics), Kurosawa knows a period of deep crisis at the height of which also attempts suicide. Its fortunes have since revived with "Dersu Uzala, the little man of the great plain" (1975), made in the Soviet Union.
In the early 1980s won the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival with the film "Kagemusha", created as a result of the fruitful meeting with George Lucas and Francis Ford Coppola.
In 1990, at the age of 80 years, gets a special award, the Oscar for lifetime achievement. His last film, "Madadayo" (1993), seems almost a résum cold at the same time and stabbing of Kurosawa's vision of the world that, probably, is identified with the old Professor celebrated by his former students, who, when asked if he's ready to leave life, replies "not yet".
The master switches off the September 6, 1998 in Setagaya, Tokyo District.

Biography of Go Nagai

Spatial halberds
September 6, 1945

Who is Go Nagai?

Imagination has a protruding, irrepressible. Has created fictional universes where every kid with curiosity is lost, dreaming and spaventandosi but also recognizing always the guiding principle of good and noble sentiments in fight against evil forces. Despite the violence exhibited is not wrong to say that cartoons have always Go Nagai conveyed those values essential to a true amità you recognize in friendship, honor and sense of duty.
Go Nagai Kiyhioshi, born in Wajima, Japan, September 6, 1945), is the Prince of "manga" (so are called the Japanese comics), enough to be considered the greatest living author in the field. And the explanation for this lies in the coronation that titles conceived, whose single sequence cringe anyone in Italy has lived the epic 80 's robotic (but not only): Mazinger Z, great Mazinger, steel Jeeg, Grendizer, Gaiking, Getter Robo and Devilman, considered by many to the new psychological subtleties, his masterpiece.
But Go Nagai was not only involved in the creation of their works: in 1968, he founded a company called "Dynamic Production", creator of big productions comic. The master began back in 1967 with the comic "Meakashi Porikiki", but had to wait until 1972 to gain well-deserved success. In that year, they released the previously mentioned "Devilman", for much valued by Japanese young readers.
By Devilman, the success of Go Nagai was growing and his later works (Cutey Honey, Kekko Kamen, Violence Jack, Getter Robo, Mazinger, Grendizer, Hanappe Bazooka and Mazinkaiser) have done nothing but increase the stature of this giant of the manga.
The master has almost always had, over the years ' 70 and ' 80, total hegemony in cartoons and manga, robotic horror. His heroes are often driven by thirst for Justice, however are also accused of using the only violence as a means of conflict resolution; but the violence that Nagai manga Express have a cathartic function, certainly not convincing dress. The heroes created by Go have depopulated worldwide, generating a staggering trade induced. The exit of Grendizer, for example, the gadgets on the robot that "turns into a missile rocket" abounded.
The great popularity of Go Nagai is also due to the fact that they have been able to choose excellent employees. First of all, Ken Ishikawa, his student and colleague, with whom she collaborated continuously in his career, giving really works light fixtures as Getter Robo. Do not forget the character designer who has most contributed to the success of the animated Master Nagai: Kazuo Komatsubara.

Biography of Dolores O'Riordan

Ireland stamps
September 6, 1971

Who is Dolores o' Riordan?

Last of seven siblings, Dolores Mary Eileen O'Riordan was born in Ballybricken (Ireland) on September 6, 19He joined the musical group "The Cranberry Saw Us" in 1990 as a singer; the formation then change name to "The Cranberries".
On July 18, 1994 joins married Don Burton, the British tour manager of Duran Duran.
Dolores takes part in the making of four albums of Cranberries, "Uncertain" (1991), "Everybody else is doing it, so why can't we?" (1993), "No need to argue" (1994) and "To the faithful departed (1996); then Taylor Baxter was born November 23, 1997 Burton, her first child.
Dolores's career continues with the new album "Bury the Hatchet" (1999); After the tour following the album celebrates birth of daughter Molly Burton (January 27, 2001, a date which coincides with the birthday of her husband Don).
After two more publications, "Wake up and smell the coffee" and the compilation album "Stars-The Best of 1992-2002", in 2003 the band breaks up; the news is not much fanfare for the total absence of an official statement.
After thirteen years of dedication to the group, the first occasion on which appears the name of Dolores O'Riordan as a solo artist is on the soundtrack of the movie "Spider-Man 2," with his song "Black Widow" (composed on the occasion of the cancer death of mother-in-law).
In 2004 appears as a guest on the album "Zu & co." the Italian sugar, with the song "Pure Love".
On another little girl was born April 10, 2005, Dakota Rain Burton (which will dedicate the song "Ordinary Day").
Among its holdings include a Duet with Luciano Pavarotti and the recording of Ave Maria by Schubert (sung a cappella) for the soundtrack of the film "the passion of the Christ," Mel Gibson's.
Dolores also appeared in Adam Sandler's movie "change your life with a click" (2006), playing herself and singing her "Linger".
His first solo album was released in 2007 and is titled "Are you listening?".

Biography of Luciano Pavarotti

Big Luciano!
October 12, 1935
September 6, 2007

Who is Luciano Pavarotti?

Born on October 12, 1935 in Modena, the famous tenor emiliano showed immediately an early vocation to singing, as evidenced by family accounts. In fact, not only the small Luciano saliva on the kitchen table for his performances but infantile, driven by admiration for his father, himself an amateur content (with a beautiful voice and singer in "Corale Rossini"), he spent the whole day in front of the turntable, plundering the assets of the parent record. Lurking in that collection treasures of all kinds, with great prevalence for Heroes del belcanto, Pavarotti learned quickly to recognize and imitate.
His studies, however, were not only music and indeed for a long time this was just a passion cultivated in private.
In his teens, Pavarotti enrolled at teacher training in order to become a teacher of physical education, which was about to test, having taught for two years at elementary classes. At the same time, thankfully, continued vocal studies with Maestro Arrigo Pola (which will follow the principles and rules for the whole of his long career), and later-when three years later, Pola, content moved to jobs in Japan-with Maestro Ettore Campogalliani, who perfected the phrasing and concentration. These are, and forever will be, in the words of the master, his unique and highly-valued masters.
In 1961 she won the Pavarotti international competition "Achille Peri" which marks his real debut singing scene.
Finally, after much study, comes the long-awaited debut in 26 years (namely 29 April 1961), at the Teatro Municipale in Reggio Emilia with an artwork become emblematic for him, namely "Bohème" by Puccini, repeatedly echoed in later years, always as Rodolfo. On the podium there is also Francesco Molinari-Pradelli.
The 1961 is a pivotal year in the life of tenor, a sort of watershed between youth and maturity. In addition to the debut, is the year of the licence and the marriage to Adua Veroni after an engagement that lasted eight years.
In 1961-1962 the young tenor still interprets The Bohème in various cities of Italy, gets some writing off border Meanwhile engages with the role of the Duke of Mantua in another work particularly suited to its strings: "Rigoletto". Be staged in Carpi and Brescia but is under the guidance of maestro Tullio Serafin, at the Teatro Massimo of Palermo, which gets a huge success and gives a new, significant change in his career. From that moment he was invited by numerous theatres: in Italy is already considered a promise, but abroad, despite some prestigious incursion has not yet enforced.
Is in 1963 who, thanks to a fortunate coincidence, he reached international fame. Always on the way of the opera La Bohème at Covent Garden in London the fate of Luciano Pavarotti crosses to Giuseppe Di Stefano, one of its biggest myths. Is called to do some performances of the work before the arrival of acclaimed tenor, but then Stefano fell ill and Pavarotti replaces it. We are replacing it in the theater and also in the "Sunday Night at the Palladium," a tv show followed by 15 million Brits.
Gets a huge success and his name begins to gain weight on the world stage. Decca proposes early recordings, thus inaugurating the fabulous music production pavarottiana. The young conductor Richard Bonynge asks him to sing alongside his wife, Joan Sutherland.
In 1965 Pavarotti arrives for the first time in the United States, in Miami, and the superb, highly acclaimed Sutherland is a greatly acclaimed Lucia di Lammermoor conducted by Bonynge. Always with the Sutherland successfully debuted at Covent Garden in London in the work
"La Sonnambula". And continues with a lucky Australian tour he is the protagonist of "Elisir D'amore" and, along with Sutherland, of "La Traviata", "Lucia di Lammermoor" and "La Sonnambula."
But then reappeared "La Bohème": the 1965 is also the year of debut at La Scala in Milan, where the standard is specifically requested by Herbert von Karajan for a recital of Puccini's opera. The meeting leave a strong mark in 1966, Pavarotti is again directed by Karajan in "Messa da Requiem" in memory of Arturo Toscanini.
The 1965-1966 are also incisive interpretations of works like "I Capuleti e I Montecchi" under the direction of Claudio Abbado and "Rigoletto" conducted by Gianandrea Gavazzeni.
But the best of 1966 is Pavarotti's debut at Covent Garden, along with Joan Sutherland, in a work that has become legendary for "sequence of nine do di petto", "La Figlia del Reggimento". For the first time a tenor in full voice emits the nine do "Pour mon âme", that fate! ", written by Donizetti to be drawn in falsetto. The audience cheers, the theater is shaken by a kind of explosion that invests as well the English Royal House present at full force.
The sixties are also fundamental to the tenor's private life. It is from this period the birth of beloved daughters, Lorenza was born in 1962, followed in 1964 by Cristina and Giuliana arrives in 19Pavarotti has a strong bond with her daughters: that they are the most important of his life.
The pavarottiana career is all along the lines of these amazing achievements, in a series of engravings, interpretations and ovations on stages around the world and the most famous masters which only list them can grasp a sense of Vertigo. All this, however, is the solid foundation on which stands the myth, even popular, Pavarotti, a myth that, we must not forget, has been feeding primarily on the boards of palconscenico and thanks to the unforgettable interpretations in the directory "read", so much so that more than one sees in the modenese tenor not only one of the greatest tenors of the century but the star also able to darken Caruso's fame.
Pavarotti has an indisputable value, to have one of the most exquisitely "tenor" that you have never heard, a true miracle of nature. Has a very extensive voice, full, argentina, which joins a fraseggiare capacity with particular fascination in affectionate and tender song, the same that is well suited to the Repertoire of Donizetti, Bellini and Verdi in.
Following the success in the field of Opera, the tenor expanded his performances outside the narrow scope of the theater, organizing concerts in squares, parks and much more. It involved thousands of people in the most diverse corners of the Earth. A resounding result of this kind of event in 1980, in New York's Central Park, for a performance of "Rigoletto" in concert, with the presence of more than 200,000 people. Alongside this, he founded the Pavarotti International Voice Competition ", which since 1981 has been held every three or four years in Philadelphia at the behest of the master.
The late eighties and nineties saw the teacher engaged in large concerts and large international performances. In 1990, together with José Carreras and Placido Domingo, Pavarotti brings to life "the three Tenors", another great found that ensures results, in terms of audience and sales, top notch.
In 1991 fascinates more than 250 thousand people with a big concert in London's Hyde Park. Despite the pouring rain, falling on the enthusiastic Prince of Wales Charles and Diana, the show becomes a media event, broadcast live on television across Europe and the United States. The success of the London initiative is repeated in 1993 at Central Park in New York, where he landed a mammoth crowd of 500 thousand spectators. The concert, broadcast on television, is seen in America and Europe by millions and is undoubtedly a landmark in the artistic life of tenor.
Thanks to these increasingly popular hits, Pavarotti extended then embarked on a more controversial career dedicated to contamination of genres, made mostly in organizing concerts of great appeal colossal, thanks largely to the intervention, as "guests" pop stars of the first magnitude. It's the "Pavarotti & Friends", where the eclectic Master invites artists of world renown pop and rock to raise money for international humanitarian organisations. The Festival takes place every year and sees the presence of numerous Italian and foreign superospiti.
In 1993 resumes "I Lombardi alla prima crociata," at the Metropolitan in New York, a work that does not interpret from 1969, and celebrate the first 25 years of his career at the MET with a big gala. In late August, during the Pavarotti International Horse Show, encounters Nicoletta Mantovani, which then becomes partner in life and artistic collaborator. The 1994 is still full of Metropolitan where the tenor debuted with an entirely new work to his repertoire: "Clowns".
In the 1995 Pavarotti made a long tour which took him to South America Chile, Peru, Uruguay and Mexico. While in 1996 he debuted with "Andrea Chénier" at the Metropolitan in New York and singing with Mirella Freni at Turin's celebrations for the centenary of the opera "La Bohéme". In 1997 resumes "Turandot" at the met, in 2000 she sang at the Opera of Rome for the centenary of "Tosca" and in 2001, always at the met, back on stage "Aida".
Luciano Pavarotti has passed the 40-year career, a career full of successes and intense, blurred only a few fleeting shadow (for example the famous "slat" at La Scala, a theater, however, the public particularly difficult and unforgiving). Nothing seemed indeed undermine the serenity of the Olympic Master, inner satisfaction which caused him to declare: "I think a life in music is a life spent in beauty and is what I have devoted my life."
In July 2006 is operated in an emergency hospital in New York to remove a malignant tumor in the pancreas. Then he settled in his villa near Modena trying to conduct a personal struggle against cancer. At the age of 71 years went off on September 6, 2007.

Sully Prudhomme biography

March 16, 1839
September 6, 1907

Who is Sully Prudhomme?

Rene Francois Armand Prudhomme was born on March 16, 1839 in Paris, Sully, a small merchant who only leave two years later his father died, and Clotilde Caillat. He first studies until Bachelor (diploma) in the Sciences which adds, in 1858, that in letters: his multiple interests, indeed, ranging from the sciences right through to philosophy and literature, but the latter shall track its path. In 1859, he found a job at le officine metallurgiche of Le Creusot, at Montcenis. The following year he returned to Paris to study at the Ecole de Droit and then leave, with some friends, to Brussels and Antwerp, traveling along the banks of the river Rhine.
In 1861 he joined the artistic-literary group "Conférence La Bruyère", a company of students has greatly appreciated his poems and representing the springboard for his career. Still, 24-year-old Sully Prudhomme (as decided to call themselves) already has a clear idea about the role of poetry and of the poets: contrary to the aggravations of romanticism, he means art as pure expression, free from any outside influence, so impersonal and not contaminated with social or political commitment. This vision of "perfection formelle" inevitably leads him to join the parnassiano movement, although his style-with the propensity to philosophical and scientific themes-remains intensely personal.
After the publication of his first book "and poems" (1865), which in 1879 earned him a Pulitzer Prize and which reaches notoriety, part to Italy with his friend, poet and art critic Georges Lafenestre.
The franco-Prussian War, which sees Paris besieged by the Germans in 1870, induces him to join the company of 8 ^ 13° Mobile guard battalion and will cost you serious harm to health. The war is treated by Sully Prudhomme in "Impressions de la guerre", in 1872, and "La France", in 18In 1875 he published "vain" tenderness, which, along with "lonelinesses" a few years earlier (1869), are the most representative of the style parnassiano. In 1876 travels to Holland and Belgium. In 1877 the Académie Française awarded him the prize "Vitet" for his literary activity; a few years later, in 1881, he joined the institution in its own right, as academician of France.
With "justice" (1878), philosophical poem, positivist ideas wedding; Follow The "Prism" (1884), "happiness" (1888), more philosophical poem, "the true religion according to Pascal" (1905). In the latter vein, however, fails to express the same poetic intensity of previous stage. Upon finding the first recipient of the Nobel Prize in literature, in 1901, the Academy of Sweden locates in Sully Prudhomme the winner "in recognition of his poetic composition, which gives evidence of high idealism, artistic perfection and a rare combination of qualities of heart and intellect".
With the money received shall establish a poetry prize in the "society of men of letters" and, the following year, together with José-Maria de Heredia and Leon Dierx gives life to the "society of French poets".
The poor health forced him to isolation until death sudden, Châtenay-Malabry, September 6, 1907, at the age of 68 years. His heir is his nephew Henry Gerbault. Between 1883 and 1908 leaving the eight volumes of his works, entitled "Oeuvres".

Biography of Suleiman the magnificent

Cesare dei Cesari
November 6, 1494
September 6, 1566

Who is Suleiman the magnificent?

Süleyman, as it is known in modern Turkish, in the West known as Suleiman I said "the magnificent", was born in Trabzon, on 6 November 14Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1520 until his death, his rise coincides with the time for the Ottoman culture, in addition to its military expansion and political influence. Sultan Caliph, protector of Mecca, during his reign he calls khans, claiming ancestral titles of the Ancient Orient, without renouncing to the other party of the then known world, often claiming to be termed the "Caesar of the Caesars", heir of Rome and Byzantium.
Suleiman is the son of Selim I, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, known to history as the "fierce". However the term, at least in the West, would be the result of an inaccurate translation from Arabic, indicating instead the term "weighted". The fact remains that his rise has coincided with the bloody events of the Empire about his own family. To ascend the throne in fact Suleiman's father in 1512 would force his father Bayezid II to abdicate, winning by force against his own brothers, who allegedly exterminated without hesitation.
As the heir to the Sultanate is no news of him since he is little more than a child. Seven years is sent to schools of Istanbul's Palace where he meets and becomes attached to Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha, the slave who would be chosen by the future Sultan as his trusted advisor and staff. Pasha, also known as Frenk Ibrahim Pasha, would be appointed by Suleiman "Grand Vizier", i.e. dignitary, Overlord, the most influential Ministers of the Empire, including the first appointed by "future" at the time of her accession. In the capital, the small Süleyman learns science, history, languages and literature, as well as subjects such as theology and military techniques, that the need in the future.
Not even twenty, Suleiman makes first experiences in Government, administering several provinces, as Bolu, in northern Anatolia, and in 1509 Caffa in Crimea, where his mother was born, also conquered by Europeans.
In 1512 is in the region of Magnesia to administer it. There is also some eight years later, when his father, Selim I, in July, you start to Edirne, probably to arrange yet another military campaign. During the trip, however, in the small village of Sirt, falls seriously ill and dies, on 21 September 15From that point, the succession passed into the hands of his son Süleyman.
Among the first improvements from the new Ottoman Sultan is certainly cultural and religious tolerance. In those days if in the West at a Muslim is not allowed to reside between the Ottomans, instead, at the behest of their Sultan, is granted to Christians not only to live but also to freely profess their religious cults. This tolerance, coupled with other interventions equally lit, make for the capital Istanbul a welcoming and dynamic location. When Suleiman the magnificent settles, the city already has 400 thousand inhabitants, but at the end of his Government's experience the subjects will be almost doubled. The Empire includes other races, well aware that their contribution to enhancing the economic strength and cultural expansion.
Among other ideas of Suleiman there is an severa and autocracy. However, the fact of having virtually all under him, as real slaves, including Ministers and senior leaders, create some social mobility, nullifying a nobility of birth and allowing everyone to assert themselves in the Kingdom. This is also another explanation for the high number of Europeans during his Sultanate, demanding Turkish citizenship.
To confirm that you have every man equally, there is the episode of the death sentence of his Grand Vizier of trust, Pasha. When these reach an influence that seems excessive, it does condemn, confiscating their properties, in 1536.
To prevail, Suleiman pulls down a long list of enemies, his beloved army infantry Corps of janissaries, considered the best military apparatus of the Ottoman Empire. The Sultan forces for them, as the only source of income, proceeds from the results of war. For this and other reasons, the first part of the Sultanate of Magnificent orients itself to the military campaigns, the conquest of other peoples and borders.
One year after succession, therefore, the new Sultan taking full of Belgrade and Serbia, started by his father. Returned-he often personally drive the troops-is responsible for the city of Jerusalem, conquered by Selim, initiating a series of improvements, such as the construction of the fortress walls around the old city.
In 1522, with 400 ships, Suleiman takes the island of Rhodes in Greece, Christian fortress, occupying it with 200,000 men. Three years later, on the strength of his conquests, the Sultan allied with Francis I of France, fighting with the Emperor Charles V and attacked the territories of Hungary, other land coveted by the previous Sultan. The year after the Turks conquered the European territory and mark their maximum expansion in the West.
Subsequently, divided almost Europe between Ottomans and Christians, Charles V and his brother Ferdinand I, manage to recover the Hungary, despite the sieges of Suleiman, as the famous one in Vienna, 15The following year, a treaty dividing the boundaries.
In 30 of his Sultanate, their attention turns to the East, towards Persia. The fall of Baghdad came in 15Since that time, starts for the ancient Persian capital a long decline, under the rule of Istanbul, instead more prosperous every year. Getting stronger, Suleiman mira to the territories of Azerbaijan and Georgia, in the Caucasus. By his third campaign of war, dated 1555, the Turkish Sultan manages to get new boundaries in those areas, expanding their territories again.
For annexation, then at the same time, gets parts of North Africa, as Tripolitania, Tunisia and Algeria: all buffer States with its own limited independence, such as to allow the Sultan to always have an eye on Europe. Is right now, and on these shores, Ottoman naval troops reach their maximum in terms of military efficiency.
In 1554 the Portuguese troops manage to defeat the Turks in the Persian Gulf, until then in their control. From now starts the Ottomans a slow but inexorable decline and political military, marked by the death of their most important Sultan.
Suleiman the magnificent died in Szigetvár, in Hungary, between the 5 and 6 September, in 1566, during another military campaign, this time against the Emperor Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor. He is buried next to his concubine Roxelana, most beloved, in the mausoleum located near the Süleymaniye Mosque in Istanbul.

Biography of Roger Waters

Think pink
September 6, 1943

Who is Roger Waters?

Talk about Roger Waters and his life means will inevitably follow, as filigree, even the glorious path of the rock band Pink Floyd from strong and inventive psychedelic connotations. It all began in 1965 when Syd Barrett, Bob Close, Rick Wright, Nick Mason and Roger Waters formed a group called Sigma Waters, born in 1945, had long taken down lessons and harmony by a teacher in his native country, demonstrating for a remarkable creativity and an insatiable curiosity towards pop music that was circulating at the time.
George Roger Waters (born in Great Bookham, England, September 6, 1943) in the early 60 's he participated in the campaign for nuclear disarmament, made his first public appearance.
In a biographical note, that describes his first steps as a musician: ' I studied architecture at the Regent Street Polytechnic, where we formed several groups. It wasn't serious, not played for an audience. We had many names, a wonderful was the Meggadeaths. We spent the time thinking about how to spend the money that we would do. " I invested a part of subsidies in a Spanish guitar and taken two lessons at the Spanish Guitar Centre, but I could not with all those exercises. In college, there is always a room where people with their own tools or other things. On second thought, I should definitely have had a guitar even before then, because I remember having learned to play "Shanty Town". I was completely uninterested in what I was doing in college. The architecture in this country is such a compromise with the economic factor, which I wasn't really bothered. At that point I began like others spend all subsidies for musical instruments. I remember yelling at the Manager of a bank telling him that I was going to be rich one day while wondering a loan of £ We learned about eighty songs, all of the Stones ".
After a short period the Group dissolves and, all founding members continued their musical activities along different paths. Afterwards, will form a new group consisting of a guitarist (Syd Barrett), a bassist (Roger Waters), a keyboardist (Richard Wright), and a drummer (Nick Mason). The Group changed its name several times, each time becoming "The Screaming Abdabs", "T-Set", "The Architectural Abdabs", "The Pink Floyd Sound".
In the long run, the latter group seems the most "noble" and significant. Much has been discussed and elucubrato about the origin of this strange name, but it is well established that it is the product of the Union of jazz names Pink Anderson and Floyd Council bluesman. The first appearances of the Group occur at the "Marquee" of London, became flagship of local underground culture. Pink Floyd during their performances, it features in endless "suites" that sent the young clubbers into raptures. Are the beginnings of the "psychedelic" was that, once ripe, see Pink Floyd among his more idiomatic and brilliant singers.
It's "Marquee" that Pink Floyd would encounter their first manager, Peter Jenner, the "demiurge" who can procure them a weekly contract with London Free School. During one of these events the Floyd used a slide projector pointed directly on them and synchronized with the music, creating the "Light Show" that becomes a characteristic feature of the group.
Then Floyd make many appearances in another newly opened local, "UFO", soon became one of the favorite haunts of the British underground movement.
As a result of this classic Cookset, Floyd finally arrive to record their first "45" rpm, dated March 11, 19Fortunately the success is almost immediate and projects the top 20 piece engraved in English, although some censorship problems emerge, due to the original title of the song "Let's roll another one", which literally means "another Rolliamone", with an explicit reference to the joint.
Subsequently, on 12 may, the Floyd play to "Queen Elizabeth Hall" in a concert called "Games for May" by making an innovative stereo system through which the sound spreads around the room in a sort of circularity giving the audience the feeling of being in the middle of the music. Following are the single "Games for May" that is published under the new title "See Emily Play".
For their first album, "the Piper At The Gates of Dawn" is used the name "The Pink Floyd" and later, eliminating the article "The" is published the second album A Saucerful Of Secret "using the final and now perfected the group name. At this time however there are problems with Syd Barrett, unable to emotionally handle the popularity achieved by "Piper At The Gates of Dawn". The guitarist begins to make a solid and continued use of LSD (at that time still legal), and, no longer able to continue in their work, calls in his old friend group and rhythm guitarist David Gilmour.
The continuous worsening of the condition of Syd, forcing the band to participate in some concerts. This marks the final exit from Barrett's Pink Floyd and the beginning of a period of crisis for the group that was dropped by Peter Jenner, intending to follow in his Syd Barrett solo career.
Remind me later Mason: "we were about to get loose; It seemed impossible to find a replacement for Syd ". The new Quartet, instead, finds a new charge and miraculously powerful inventiveness, such as to be able to churn out a series of masterpieces ranging from "More", to "Ummagumma", "Atom Heart Mother", "Obscured By Clouds". Floyd, at that time, they engage in finding a new style trying to stay as close as possible to the sound created by Syd Barrett, a psychedelic and visionary dough that retains a striking melodic profile.
After these albums, some of which undoubtedly strongly (just think of "Ummagumma", a double Lp in which every Member of the band had a frontage of the disc), is a stylistic breakthrough of great significance. A process that flows into the legendary "The Dark Side of the Moon". This is a disc that has collected records of all kinds (despite "difficult" music that contains): not only has sold over 25 million copies (for the digit era huge), but remained in the album charts for an infinite time: something like 14 years. Also, is still favourite.
Logical, therefore, that, after this drunkenness, the Group seek in every way to maintain the level achieved with that album. Which is very difficult, if not impossible. But in 1975 Pink Floyd still have many arrows to their bows and the inventiveness is still far from being exhausted. Here then appear in stores "Wish You Were Here", a strange and complex that enshrines the Pink Floyd as one of the greatest bands of all time. Even in this case, the commercial success was not long in coming.
To complete the "trilogy" about human alienation that is emerging with these two disks, then the band released "Animals", the most forgotten and the least known of the three (maybe also because of pessimism about human nature irreparable that transpires from the texts). During the exhausting tour following the release of "Animals", occur rather unpleasant episodes as the increasingly frequent and heated controversy between Roger Waters and the public: "became an alienating experience to perform in concerts, and that was how I became fully aware of the wall that now separated us from our audience"; These are the words of bassist. But, aside from touring, there is still a lot of material that needs to see the light: the case of the songs in "The Wall", released on November 16, 1979 after almost three years of silence.
"The Wall" stands for as a commercial success of vast proportions, characterized as a product of excellent workmanship, full of sound effects and full of a thousand shades attention to the smallest details. The tour follows the release of the vinyl, forcibly reduced to a few venues because of the imposing structure necessary to its completion, is an extraordinary success.
After the tour of "The Wall", Richard Wright, finding himself in disagreement with Roger Waters left the band and, later, Pink Floyd bring out a new album called "The Final Cut" written by Waters throughout this time (but don't forget that Waters is always been the soul creator of Pink Floyd). Some argue that "The Final Cut" can be considered the first solo album by Waters: to support this thesis also circulates that Gilmour went into the studio, recording solos, and leave. However, completion of the drafting of the score, Roger Waters left the band. In the judgment of critics and experts, "The Final Cut" is in fact a work covered by limits of progressive interiorisation of solo Roger Waters, haunted by nightmares of war and troubled and poignant memories.
All this has helped it to become autocratic, considering themselves the unique creator Floyd songs entering often at odds with the other members of the Group and bringing it in 1986, after previous controversies, to declare definitively disbanded the group, causing the reaction of Gilmour that in appealing to the decision of the High Court in London, reverses the judgment in his favour.
Later in 1987, Gilmour and Mason try the way of the resurgence of Pink Floyd, hoping to resurrect the huge interest that the original group aroused in public. Aside from the new work, "A Momentary Lapse of Reason", which has good but not extraordinary sales, the attempt is partially successful, particularly in light of the huge number of people willing to hear Pink Floyd in their rare live performances. The suspicion, though, is that it is still in the revival of an old love.
After several verbal fights and penalties, however, Waters continues with his solo career, although undoubtedly the public has made some effort to identify the artist, due to the fact that Pink Floyd have spent most of their careers in complete anonymity, showing and enjoying little to the media. Waters he proposing in 1990 "The Wall" (the fall of the Berlin Wall), organizing a charity concert for the Memorial Fund for Disaster Relief, performed in front of 25,000 spectators and is broadcast in many parts of the world, dividing the two Germanys.
As for the musical projects of other members, however, it is unquestionable that the absence of Waters, now taken from his solo projects (rather disappointing, according to the connoisseurs), has been felt so heavy. The world tour follows the partial reunion of Floyd, participates as a session-man even the "old" Richard Wright, reinstated permanently to the group. A year later the Floyd realize "Delicate Sound of Thunder", for some sign of an unstoppable decline. In 1994 the trio published "The Division Bell", while the last work dates back to 1995 with the creation of "Pulse".
The latest effort by Roger Waters is "Ça ira", an opera in three acts, libretto by Etienne Roda-Gil, world premiere on November 17, 2005 at the auditorium Parco della Musica in Rome. The theme of the work is the French Revolution (the title derives from a popular song of the same name of the French Revolution).

Sources: Biografieonline.it