The climate and cultivation of plants | Garden Care & Maintenance.

The climate and cultivation of plants

1 light
2 temperatures
3 rain
4. air humidity
5 winds

• Each climate has its most appropriate vegetation.
• Select plants that live well in the general climate of your area.
• It is also considered the microclimates of the garden. For example, a corner with shade is perfect for ferns, but inappropriate for seasonal flower plants.
• Climatico-ambientales factors in relation to the choice of plants are: light, temperatures, rainfall, humidity and winds.

1 light

• It discusses the areas of Sun and shade of the garden areas.
• For the areas of sol:
• -Almost all the flowers need about six hours of Sun a day. For example, Gazania or Lamprantus only open their flowers if they have direct sunlight.
• - Plants with variegated leaves (streaked green and yellow) require more light than the full green leaves.
• - Cacti like to have plenty of light.
• For the areas of shadow:
• -Choose species that live well in shade or semi-shade, for example, Camellia, hydrangea, clematis, fern, Coleus... There are many suitable species shade; look at this list of shrubs.
• - You can locate in shade plants that require shade at certain times, for example, a temporary shadow in hot moments favours their establishment, or when they are young and delicate plants.

2 temperatures

• If your weather it's cold, with frequent frosts, it is evident that subtropical species should not choose: would die at the first hurdle.
• Near a wall will be more protected from the cold. The walls accumulate heat during the day that give at night.

• Certain plants also need cold. For example, olive growing much in the tropics but not flowers, what you want is the different temperatures, not constant throughout the year. Or many varieties of fruit trees that need to accumulate cold in winter, what are called cold-hours, hours below + 7 ° C. For example, varieties of cherry that if they do not have this cold will not yield good harvest (more on this in section fruit, article "Choose fruit depending on the climate").

3 rain

• There are plants that may be sensitive to rainy climates by being very wet or waterlogged soils or having wet long leaves. They tend to be species of dry climates.
• In rainy climates it is advisable to choose the moisture-loving species.

4. air humidity

• 
• Wet garden

• There are plants that need high humidity and other drying.
• Example: ferns are ideal for a garden in the shade or a garden that gives to the North. They need a high degree of humidity in the air and water. Plant them only if you can give them what they ask for.
• There are regions with frequent fog, dew or certain wet corners.

5 winds

• Dry winds
• Humid winds
• Cold winds
• Hot winds
• Strong winds (encallejonados is worse)
• Saline winds on the coast ("burn" the young leaves and young buds facing the sea by deposits of salts).

• If some of these winds predominate in your area, choose plants resistant to them, either, provides protection from the wind to the garden or terrace with hedges, fences with climbers, sheets of Heath, etc.
• The wind influences the distribution of plants. For example, it places the conifer thinking where the prevailing winds come. It will thus serve protection thanks to its evergreen foliage.

LIST OF PLANTS FOR A COASTAL GARDEN

TREES (sea front)

· Acacia................................. Acacia cyanophilla)
· AILANTHUS, tree of heaven... AILANTHUS altissima
· Araucaria... Araucaria heterophylla
· Arizonica... Cupressus arizonica
· Casuarina... Casuarina equisetifolia)
· Eleagnos, tree of paradise... Elaeagnus angustifolia
· Encina................................. Quercus ilex
· Eucalyptus... Eucalyptus spp.
· Ficus nitida... Ficus nitida
· Granado.............................. Punica granatum
· Lagunaria... Lagunaria patersonii
· Leylandi... Cupressus leylandii
· Macrocarpa... Cupressus macrocarpa
· Morera................................ Morus alba
· Olivo................................... Olea europaea)
· Ombú, Bellasombra... Phytolacca dioica
· Palo borracho... Chorisia speciosa
· Parkinsonia, Palo verde... Parkinsonia aculeata
· Aleppo Pine... Pinus halepensis
· Pine... Pinus pinea
· Maritime pine... Pinus pinaster
· Taraje................................. Tamarix spp.
· Turpentine... Schinus terebinthifolius

PALM TREES

· Butia.................................... Butia capitata
· Queen Palm... Arecastrum romanzofiana
· Coconut... Cocos nucifera
· Blue Palm... Erythea armata
· Canary Palm... Phoenix canariensis
· Date palm... Phoenix dactylifera
· Royal Palm... Roystonea regia
· Palmito................................ Chamaerops humilis
· Sabal.................................. Sabal spp..
· Wachintonia... Washingtonia filifera
· Wachintonia... Washingtonia robusta

SHRUBS

· Atriplex halimus... Salado
· Caesalpinia gilliesi... Caesalpinia
· Cistus spp.... Jaras
· Cyca revoluta... CICA
· Coprosma repens... Floor mirror or variegated
· Cortaderia selloana... Feather dusters
· Cordyline australis... Dracena
· Cotoneaster spp.... Cotoneaster
· Dracaena drago... Drago
· Elaeagnus pungens... Eleagnos
· Euonymus japonicus... Euonymus
· Hebe speciosa... Hebe or Veronica
· Lantana camera... Lantana or Spanish flag
· Laurus nobilis... Laurel
· Ligustrum ovalifolium... Aligustrina (for seto)
· Myoporum spp.... Transparent (for seto)
· Myrtus communis... Mirto (for seto)
· Nerium oleander... Oleander
· Phormium tenax... Fornio
· Pistacia lentiscus... Mastic
· Pittosporum tobira... Cheesewood
· Rosmarinus officinalis... Romero
· Strelitzia spp.... Estrelitzia
· Tamarix gallica... Calibration
· Teucrium fruticans... Teucrio
· Yucca spp.... Yuccas

CLIMBING

· Bouganvillea spp.... Bougainvillea
· Hedera helix... Ivy
· Lonicera japonica... Honeysuckle
· Passiflora caerulea... Passiflora
· Plumbago auriculata... Plumbago
· Tecomaria capensis... Tecomaria

CACTUS AND SUCCULENTS

All in general: Aloes, Agaves, Lampranthus, Sedum, Euphorbia, Kalanchoe, Cordyline, Beucarnea, Echeveria, Crassula, Aeonium, Portulaca, etc..

HERBACEOUS

· Achillea millefolium (Yarrow)
· Alyssum saxatile (basket of gold)
· Antirrhinum majus (Antirrino or bunnies)
· Armeria maritima
· Arctotis
· Aster spp. (Aster)
· Asteriscus maritimus
· Canna indica (India cane)
· Cerastium tomentosum (mouse-ear chickweed)
· Cineraria maritima (Cineraria)
· Chrysanthemum spp.. (Chrysanthemum)
· Dianthus caryophyllus (Carnation florist)
· Dianthus plumarius (Clavellinas)
· Gazania spp. (Gazania)
· Gerbera
· Iberis sempervirens (field Pennycress)
· Lavender
· Lobelia
· Grape hyacinths
· Nepeta mussini
· Rudbeckia
· Santolina chamaecyparissus (Santolina)
· Stachys lanata
· Verbena

Published for educational purposes