Biography of Socrates
(Unknown - Unknown)
Socrates
Greek philosopher
"He speaks so I see you"Socrates
Was born the a.C. 470 at Alopece, a village of Athens.
It is believed it was little graceful and short of stature. As a child he showed ease of Word and acuity of reasoning. His father was a Mason or sculptor called Sophroniscusand his mother was Phaenarete, midwife.
In principle he received regular education not belonging to an upper class family. Before becoming philosopher, he worked as a bricklayer and stonemason for several years with his father. Trained in literature, music and gymnastics. Diogenes Laércio, in his lives of the philosophers, tells that Socrates had as teachers to Anaxagoras, Archelaus , and Damon and also said that he was a lover of the latter; be familiar with the dialectic and rhetoric of the Sophists.
Socrates was married to Xantipa, a young woman with approximately 30 years younger than him and that because of his bad character and its derogatory treatment towards Socrates, would happen to how insolent and cruel history. For his part, Aristotle says that it also had a second wife, a such Myrtle. He was father of three sons: Lamprocles , Menexenusand Sophroniscus.
In the Peloponnesian War takes part as a soldier Hoplite (infantrysoldier ) against Sparta, in the battles of Potidaea in 432-430 B.c. (saved to the statesman and orator Alcibiades being general was wounded), Delion in 424 BC, and Amphipolis 422 BC His strength and skill in the campaigns military are attested by Alcibiades, who highlighted the value of Socrates in battle.
With a great sharpness of reasoning and ease of Word, he spent most of his life in the markets and public squares of Athens by holding discussions and responding through questions, a method called maieutics, or knowledge through the questioning. He did not write any book or nor a regular school of philosophy founded. All that is known with certainty about it is because two of his notable disciples: the historian Xenophonand Plato . His contribution to philosophy has been a marked ethical tone. Based on his teachings and what they taught, was the belief in an objective understanding of the concepts of Justice, love and virtue and knowledge of one's self. He believed that all Vice is the result of ignorance and that no person wants to evil; in turn, virtue is knowledge, and those who know the good, will act fairly.
Socrates was master of Aristippus, who founded the Cyrenaica philosophy of experience and pleasure. He suffered the distrust of many disliked that their attitude towards the Athenian State and established religion. He was accused in 399 BC of scorn the gods of the State and of introducing new deities. Also to corrupt the morals of the youth away from the principles of democracy, and it confused him with the sophists. The Apology of Plato collects the essence of his defense on their own judgment. Being sentenced to death, his friends planned his escape but it complied with the ruling. Being able to flee, he chose abide by the sentence given by the Justice of the polis to die doing honour to its philosophy. He spent his last days with his friends and followers, as collected in the Phaedo of Plato work, and during his final night fulfilled the sentence drinking a cup of hemlock. His last words were: "Crito, owe a cock to Asclepius. Not forget to pay it".
After his death appeared the Socratic schools and the Platonic Academy.