What is the meaning of Republican? Concept and Definition of Republican

Definición de Republicano. Concepto de Republicano

Definition of Republican

Republican is an adjective related to the Republic (a mode of organization of a State). The concept is used in its broadest sense, with reference to the citizens who live in a Republic or with respect to this form of Government defenders.
Throughout history, defined as Republicans to different political or social sectors. During the Spanish Civil war that took place between 1936 and 1939, the Republican side was that defending the second Spanish Republic and fought right faction.
The Spanish Republicans, with Soviet support, and other countries, were opposed to the totalitarianism of the Franco regime. Although there were various streams in its interior, the Republican side was close to socialism and communism.
In the United States, the Republican party represents the sector more conservative society. From the middle of the 19th century, the Republicans alternate in power with Democrats, more liberal and progressive.
Abraham Lincoln, Theodore Roosevelt, Dwight Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, Gerald Ford, Ronald Reagan, George Bush and George W. Bush were some of the Republican presidents who had United States throughout its history.
Germany, Portugal and Venezuela are other countries that have political parties that define themselves as Republicans and keep the term in its name.
Republican, finally, is the name of a neighborhood located in Asuncion, the Paraguayan capital. About 10,000 people live in this neighborhood that occupies an area of 0.97 km2.

Concept of Republican

The younger of the two major American political parties, opponent to the Democratic Party. It was created in 1854, as a result of the reaction of many Americans to the extension of slavery into the territories of the Republic, contained in the slaveholding commitment of Kansas-Nicaragua.

The party won for the first time the power in 1860 to be elected President Abrahan Linconl. This election resulted in the civil war (1861-1865). Despite the persistent antagonism of the southern States, the Republican party ruled almost without interruption since the election of Linconl until 1932. Except the mandates of Presidents Democrat Cleveland (1885-1889, 1893-1897) and Wilson (1913-1920).

Later, and after an interval of twenty years, the Republicans came to the Presidency with general Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1952. Since then until today, have placed three Presidents at the White House: Richard M. Nixon; Gerald R. Ford, following the resignation of the former as a result of the Watergate scandal; and Ronald Reagan, from 1980 to 1988.

The success of the Republican party, until 1929, was based on the Alliance with businessmen from the East and large landowners in the Center-West. After the great depression of 1930, the party lost most of its supports except for businessmen. After the second world war, the Republicans got some followers in the suburbs of the cities and in the South of the country.

A brief history of the Republican party.


Although the Republican Party was founded in 1854, its official launch did not occur until 1856 at the Pittsburgh meeting which prepared the first party Convention, held in Philadelphia on 17 July of the same year. The choice of Linconl to the Presidency in 1960, and the victory of the troops of the North over the South in the civil war, devoted to the triumph of the Republican party, which clinched its influence to the West of the Great Lakes. This party has managed to control the Presidency of the Union in twenty of the thirty-two elections that have been held in the United States of America, from 1960 until 1984. After the civil war, the party, despite the killing of its Chief Linconl in 1865, had to deal with the reconstruction of the war-ravaged country.

Division of the Republican party.


The problem of reconstruction was so serious that the Republicans were deeply divided over policy than to follow. It emerged a wing extremist party, the so-called "radical Republicans" who advocated the final crushing of the South, by the absolute equality of races.

In opposition, the moderate Republicans temporarily founded the Republican Liberal Party, which was dissolved soon. But there was more clash between radicals and moderates for economic reasons. In the West, where many mine owners and farmers favored by high prices that could easily repay their debts, they preferred two currencies in the Union, while in the East, is demanding strong barriers of customs which, in turn, farmers in the West were rejected. This struggle persisted during most of the late 19th century.

With Theodore Roosevelt, the Republican party practiced a more open policy, but continued divisions, while it reached again the power from 1921 to 1933.
With the rejection of the ratification of the Treaty of Versailles (November 1919), and with the entry of the United States.UU. in the League of Nations, the Republicans who were very popular in the Midwest, from hearty Germanic population, became champions of nationalism, ethnic and religious Puritanism and prosperity, but they lost power following the economic downturn.

Although the Republican party opposed to economic and social policies of the Democratic President F.D. Roossevelt, it is grouped around him following the country's entry into the second world war. They returned to power after the race, to stand as a candidate general Eisenhower (1953-1961).

The last quarter-century.


In the 1960s returned to emerge a new crisis at the heart of the Republican party with the traditional rivalry between conservatives and Liberals, accented with the defeat of its candidate for the presidential elections, B. Golwater, opposite L.N. Johnson in 1964.
This rivalry in the bosom of the party joined prior to these dates the difficulties experienced in economic, diplomatic and strategic, what did lose most in Congress and then the Presidency, on behalf of the Kennedy Democrat.

A man who had been Vice President Eisenhower and in line with the traditions of the party, Richard Nixon was elected in 1968. The management of the party got at this time the global redesign introduced in American foreign policy, but the "Watergate" scandal was a blow to the Republican organization: in addition to cost Nixon Presidential, it plunged the Republican party into the biggest crisis in its history, and would lose the elections of 1976.

Four years later, however, the Republican party reacted vigorously and with Ronald Reagan as visible head was decisive in the 1980 elections, dealing the Democrats one of major defeats in its history, for the first time in a quarter-century, Republicans were able to control the Senate, while in the House of representatives remained in minority, but with 33 other seats.

The victory of the Republicans was more overwhelming even in the elections of 1984, in which was reaffirmed the permanence of Ronald Reagan at the White House, until 1989. Apart from a hard economico-tributario adjustment plan, what most stressed his mandate was the dramatic increase in the military budget and, thus, a more aggressive policy (intervention in Central America and in the Middle East, especially against Libya), and have printed a harder competition for technological-armametistica with the USSR (baptized as the Star Wars space logistics projects), but became important agreements of elimination of missiles in Europe.

In November 1988, another Democrat came to power, George Bush, elected President of the United States, defeating Democratic candidate Michael Dukakis. He officially left the White House on January 20, 1993, year from which the Republican party remains in opposition.

Information recovered from:

Encyclopædia Britannica 2014
Enciclopedia Universal DVD © Micronet S.A. 1995-2013