Antonio José de Sucre | Notable Biographies

(1795/02/02 - 1830/06/04)

Antonio José de Sucre
Venezuelan politician

He was born on February 2, 1795 in Cumaná (Venezuela).
He was educated in Caracas, especially in matters of military engineering geometry, fortification and artillery. At the age of 15 he joined the struggle for the independence of Venezuela, starting from April 19, 1810.
He went from Second Lieutenant of infantry in July 1810 to general in Chief in February 1825. He served as a second lieutenant of the body of Nobles Hussars of the King Fernando VII, in Cumaná. On July 12, 1810, he joined the Regulated militias of infantry, and a month later was appointed second lieutenant in the Corps of engineersby the Supreme Junta of Caracas . He was appointed commander of the Corps of engineers of Daisy, who would leave to join the campaign of Francisco de Miranda against realistic elevations in Valencia.
On January 13, 1813 the general Santiago Mariño invaded Eastern Venezuela from the island of Chacachacare, so joined his army and received the rank of captain. A year later, Marino appointed his aide, until he emigrated to Cartagena de Indias to the loss of the Second Republic in 1814. He remained in Trinidad about six months, and December 1, 1816 received the rank of Colonel of infantry. In February 1817 Marino appointed him Commandant-general of the province of Cumaná. Simón Bolívar appointed him Governor of the Old French Guiana and general commander of the Lower Orinoco (September 19, 1817); and in October he commanded him to reduce the general Mariño, his former boss, to obedience to the Government. He managed to restore the authority of the Libertador Oriental heads.
When New Granada got freedom and the Republic of Gran Colombia was created, Bolivar signed with the Spanish general Pablo Morillo a cease-fire as well as a Treaty of regularization of the war (November 26, 1820), drafted by Sucre. He was sent to Colombia where assumed the leadership of the war as Chief of the auxiliary forces from Colombia, since the royalists tried to from Quito and Cuenca Guayaquilrecover. It triumphed in Yaguachi (May 19, 1821); He was defeated in Huachi (12 September), and became victorious basin (February 21, 1822); On his way to Quito won in Pichincha (24 May), giving freedom to the current territory Ecuadorian.
With the office of Mayor of Quito, Sucre also premiered the promotion to general of division. The battle of Junín (August 6, 1824) opened the way to Peru, which had requested the intervention of Bolivar. Soon intervened in Lima, organizing the campaign against the royalists of the Peru, but Congress withdrew him powers to direct the war in the South, so it ended up leaving the remote control in the hands of Sucre. December 9, 1824 the cumanes general defeated in Ayacucho on realistic troops under the command of the Viceroy La Serna, who for 14 years had remained unbeaten in the Peru. With this battle were the South America.
Sucre got the title of Grand Marshal of Ayacucho and the grade of General in Chief. He summoned an Assembly in Chuquisaca that decided the independence of Alto Perú on August 6, 1825, receiving the name of Republic of Bolivia. He was the first President of this new nation from the 28 October 1826, and two years later resigned to retire to private life and meeting in Quito with Mariana Carcelén, marquesa de Solanda, who had married by proxy (April 20, 1828).
On January 20, 1830, he presided at the last Congress of the Gran Colombia. After recounting before the failure of its management on the Venezuelan border, left Bogota Quito road. In an ambush in the mountain of Berruecos (La Unión, Nariño), Sucre was assassinated on June 4, 1830.