Biography of Alexander Graham Bell

He plays second, but it sounds better

3 March 1847 2 August 1922 American physicist, Scottish physiologist and inventor, Alexander Graham Bell was born in Edinburgh on 3 March 1847. Is registered at the registry office with the name of Alexander Bell, then will add the name Graham as a sign of esteem for Alexander Graham, a family friend. He studied for a year at a private school and another two years at the Royal High School, where he graduated. He then attended the University of Edinburgh and University College London. The great-grandfather in London, his uncle in Dublin and his father, Alexander Melville Bell, in Edinburgh, they all have a history as Professor of elocution. The mother is almost totally deaf: Bell pushed to improve her situation became interested in the problems of transmission of sounds initially medically, inventing a method for rehabilitation of the deaf and mute. He moved to Canada in 1873: accompanied his father one day in Montreal where the latter taught the technique of communication for the deaf. The old Bell was invited to show the system into a daily course in Boston, but declines and to send you our son who will become Voice and Diction psychology professor from Boston University, school of oratory. Bell studies how to improve the Telegraph, and in particular the ability to send multiple messages with Morse code on the same line; He also studied how to make visible the acoustic vibrations. Arrives in 1875 to patent a multiple Telegraph can simultaneously send two signals and then. With funding from American, 17 March 1876 father-in-law settles patent 174,465 number to protect "method and apparatus for transmitting voice or other sounds in a nutshell [...] by means of electrical undulations, similar in form to those that accompany the issuance of the voice and sounds in the air, "the phone. The Italian Meucci, who did not have enough money to patent the "teletrofono" (so called him), was successful in 1871 to get only a temporary patent which was renewed from year to year at a price of $ 10 and that he could renew until 1873. The first words Bell pronounce on the phone, the day 10 March 1876, are: "Watson, come here, please. I need you, "pointing to his assistant Thomas Watson. The Bell's apparatus consisted of a microphone and a headset combined into a trumpet-shaped container: talking inside the microphone he used to vibrate a diaphragm that generates an electric current varies according to the signal received. At the other end of the power unit was then transformed back into an audible signal that here worked by speakerphone. The Supreme Court of the United States in 1888 and the Congress in 2002, will confirm the attribution of the invention of the telephone to Meucci. Possible in major capitals of Italian, Bell will impose its own appliance, afterwards perfected, giving rise to the telecommunications industry, which then became one of the largest of the United States. In 1877 he founded the "Bell Telephone Company" to "AT & T" will source the Colossus (American Telephone and Telegraph). The 11 July 1877 marries Mabel Hubbard, deaf and dumb, who had been a student at Boston University. His invention of the telephone would be precisely the result of efforts to produce a device that would allow him to communicate with his wife and mother. Bell's other inventions, some of which would not have met with great success, are the photophone (or radiofono) for the transmission of sound on a beam of light (a precursor of modern fiber optic systems), an electrical procedures for locating metal objects (metal detector) in the human body and a prototype hydrofoil. Its name comes from the bel (B) unit of measurement used in acoustics, invented by "Bell Labs". The bel was too large for everyday use, instead using the decibel (dB) which is equal to 0.1 B, which is of general use. The dB is commonly used to measure sound intensity ratio. In an interview with a magazine published posthumously, Bell reflected also on the ability to heat their homes with solar panels. In 1882 he became a naturalized citizen of the United States. In 1888 he was one of the founders of "National Geographic Society" and will be the second President. Among the various awards received from Bell is the French Legion of honor; the Academie française will honour him with the "Time" (to 50000 francs), the Royal Society of Arts in London will reward with the Albert Medal in 1902, and the University of Würzburg, in Bavaria, will grant an honorary doctorate (Ph.d.). He was awarded by the American Institute of Electrical Engineers with the Edison Medal in 1914. Alexander Graham Bell died in Beinn Bhreagh, Cape Breton Island near the village of Baddeck, the August 2, 1922. Was buried beside his wife at the Summit of Beinn Bhreagh mountain, overlooking the Lake Bras d'Or ". Bell is included among the 100 most eminent Britons of all time, among 10 largest 100 American and early Canadians, unique personality to appear on more than one list of this type.
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