Biography of Roger Bacon

Research and experience

Year of birth: 1214 year of death: 1294 Roger Bacon (Italianized in Roger Bacon), the name by which many know him is Doctor Mirabilis, was born in Ilchester, in Dorsetshire, in 1214. Belongs to a wealthy family, whose main wealth is tied to the land that falls out of favor during the turbulent reign of Henry III of England. He studied at Oxford where they form in philosophy: its main studio is the Aristotelian world towards which retains, for life, a strong interest. Later he moved to Paris to complete his studies in philosophy and study art history. By 1240 teaches at the Sorbonne, particularly Aristotelian philosophy, whereas in 1250 he returned to Oxford where she continued teaching and where she continued her studies. The originality of his thought and the vastness of his studies involve some British personalities such as Adam March and Robert Grosseteste. In 1257 entered the order of Friars Minor. His critique of the study method adopted in universities, where you studied the Aristotelian texts through translations and not on the original, brings him to lead a polemic against the Academy and to propose a reform of the educational system and transmission of knowledge that followed a slavish repetition of theories of the most influential teachers of that time. This reform, which was supposed to fit into a broader vision of social change that Bacon hopes for his company, is collected in ten books: "Opus maius", "minus", "Opus Opus tertium", the "Scriptum" of which only a few fragments remain, "Epistola de secretis operibus Questiones ' '," "," Tractatus de multiplicatione specierum ' naturae ', "Compendium studii philosophiae mathematicae", "", "naturalia", Communia Communia "Compendium studii Theologica". However, due to the application of the "constitutions Narbonne," which forbid the friars to write and distribute their theories, they are deprived of the publication of his books. Pope Clement IV in 1264 salt, one Pope lit near because of the Franciscans, who encourages Bacon to publish his works and frees him from the obligation imposed on him by the "constitutions Narboresi". Bacon obeys and submits to the Pope three of his works (Opus maius, Opus minus, Opus tertium) but in 1267 the Pontiff dies and Roger Bacon's enemies return to haunt him and request the arrest for dissemination of works prohibited which drew upon Arab Alchemy. Bacon was arrested and jailed in 1278: his conviction lasts for ten years. Is released from prison only through the intercession of several English nobles who defend the cause at the Vatican. Then continue working on his immense work that follows one main goal: to use the experimental experience to get to the root of things; that is to say that knowledge is a constant search for original, obtained through experience. His works contain treatises on mathematics, physics, optics and chemistry. Also his theories on the position of celestial bodies contain clear references to the roundness of the Earth. His work will lead to the realization of projects that later sketches telescopes, microscopes, spectacles, flying machines and steamships. He's a fan of astrology and his belief that the planets affect people's lives and their choices comes from Alchemy texts of which he is a passionate scholar; passion that was the main cause of the chapters of the charge of heresy against him. The legacy of his studies is very wide, although the Encyclopaedia of main coming to us only for Postscript fragments. Roger Bacon dies at Oxford in the year 1294.
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