Dove in the blood
24 August 1929 11 November 2004 there is a dispute over the day and the birthplace of Yasser Arafat, who claimed to be born on August 4, 1929 in Jerusalem, while the official birth certificate says he was born in Egypt, in Cairo, on August 24, 1929. Arafat was born into an important family from Jerusalem, Husseini. His real full name is Mohammed and Abd al-Rahman Abdel-Raouf Arafat but was also known by another name, the one used in the war, namely Abu Ammar. His father was a successful merchant, his mother died when he was just four years old. He spent his childhood in Cairo, then to Jerusalem at an uncle. Enter immediately into warring factions against the establishment of the Israeli State. Nineteen year old, takes an active part in the Palestinian struggle. Meanwhile he studied civil engineering at Cairo University where, in 1952, he joined the Muslim Brotherhood and the League and became the President of the Palestinian students. He obtained a Bachelor's degree in 1956. At the outbreak of war for control of the Suez Canal is a second lieutenant in the Egyptian army. Now part of the Group of leaders of the nascent Palestinian movement is an awkward, wanted by the Israeli authorities. To avoid arrest leaves Egypt for Kuwait where in 1959 he founded, with other important components of the rebel factions, "al-Fatah". The organization manages to convey in its ranks hundreds of young Palestinians and to create a consistent and forceful movement. After the Arab defeat in the war against Israel in 1967, al-Fatah converge in PLO, "Palestine Liberation Organization": in February 1969 Yasser Arafat becomes Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Palestine National Council. With his charisma and his political ability Arafat directs the PLO towards the Palestinian cause away from pan-Arab designs. At the same time the growth of its political role corresponds to major military responsibilities: in 1973 became Commander in Chief of the armed Palestinian groups. In July 1974 the PLO's Arafat decides an important turning point, claiming for the Palestinian people the right to self-determination and to the creation of a Palestinian State; in November, in a historic speech to the General Assembly of the United Nations, Arafat calls for a peaceful solution, politics, Palestine, admitting implicitly the existence of Israel. In 1983, in the full swing of the Lebanese civil war, moves the General Headquarters of the PLO from Beirut to Tunis and, in November of five years later, proclaims the independent State of Palestine. Further calls for the recognition of UN resolutions and asks to open negotiations with Israel. In April 1989 a Palestinian State first President is elected by the Parliament that there is, the State of Palestine. It's a red-hot period, which sees the explosion of its subterranean tensions in the Gulf war, unleashed in 1990 by the United States against Saddam Hussein, guilty of having treacherously invaded neighbor Kuwait. Arafat strangely-perhaps blinded by hatred of the West and especially against the United States-sided with Saddam. A "personal choice" that cost him dear and which the same Arafat will have that regret, especially in light of the events related to the attack on the twin towers of 11 September 2001. The move attracted him to suspects consisting of having hands in dough in the fringes of terrorism that swarm in the Middle East. Hence the crack of its credibility as a counterpart in terms of negotiations with Israel. However, whether we like it or not, Arafat has always remained the only legitimate interlocutor, because of a very simple fact: was the only personality that for years the Palestinians have recognized him as their spokesman (excluding the usual extremist fringes). Despite being accused by many of being the instigator of terrorism and fundamentalist line, for other Arafat has always been instead genuinely on the side of peace. The negotiations between Israel and the Palestinians conducted by him, on the other hand, have had a troubled history, never ended. A first attempt was made with the Middle East peace conference in Madrid, then with secret negotiations carried out from 1992, until the Oslo accords in 1993. In December of that year for Arafat comes an important recognition of Europe: the Palestinian leader is received as a head of State by the European Parliament, which calls for the Union to become a party to the peace process. A year later, in December 1994, receives the Nobel Peace Prize jointly with Israeli State leaders, Yitzhak Rabin and Shimon Peres. Meanwhile the Palestinian leader moves to Gaza, where he leads the Palestinian National Authority (PNA). His eventual succession, within a framework which sees the institutions of the Palestinian Authority very fragile and poorly consolidated, defines the Palestinian civil war scenarios which could potentially feed even more international terrorism. In this reality, fundamentalist groups and advocates of terrorism more bloody as those of "Hamas" make up for the absence of a State with proselytizing activities, but also assistance, Islamic education and solidarity among families. Thanks to this network of support and guidance that Hamas can constrain his followers up to take them to sacrifice themselves in the infamous suicide actions. In terms of safety, therefore, supports the same Arafat, it is not possible to control all the fringe of terrorists with a COP every fifty Palestinians, this finding support and success also in Israeli public opinion. In late October 2004, Arafat was transferred urgently to Paris, in intensive care, to cure the evil that struck him. In the days that followed his recovery are continuously followed rumors and denials of his likely leukemia, its various fainting or on an irreversible coma. His death was announced by Israeli television on the afternoon of 4 November, but immediately was born a yellow because the spokesman of the Hospital where Arafat was hospitalized belied. In the evening was made official by doctors her brain dead. After a frantic series of rumors about his condition in the following days, Yasser Arafat died at 3:30 on the day 11 November.