Biography of Hugo Chavez
Reforms of the new world
28 July 19545 March 2013
Venezuelan President Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías was born in Sabaneta (in the State of Barinas, Venezuela) on July 28, 1954. Son of Hugo de los Reyes Chávez, rural teacher because of financial hardship, to maintain the large family is obliged to entrust two of his children, the little brother, Hugo and paternal grandmother Rosa Inés, who is also a resident of Sabaneta; Hugo grows then with her grandmother in a typical house made of straw and dried mud. Hugo Chavez enlisted in the Military Arts Academy at the age of 17 years Venezuelan. Obtained his degree he continued his studies at the University of poitiche Sciences Simon Bolívar of Caracas, but will leave without achieving any title. During these years of Chavez together with their companions left nationalist doctrine develop so-called "Bolivarian", inspired by the philosophy of Venezuelan revolutionary Simón Bolívar and 800 by the thought of Communists and Socialists ideologues as Marx and Lenin. Chavez in recent years cultural activities and sporting events also, preticando baseball and softball (even competitively), writing poems, short stories and plays. Simón Bolívar absorbs the thought, especially on the issues of integration and Constitution "Gran Colombia" project dreamed but never realized he was seeing the political and economic Union of Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia. Rebellious-natured, Hugo Chavez had often got in trouble for not sharing the army repression (in those days used as a tool of repression to aid police). Thus was born the "Bolivarian ideology", which initially develops within the armed forces, resulting in 1983 to the "Movimiento Bolívariano MBR-200", mostly by the cadets of the promotion "Simón Bolívar" who had graduated in 1975. Chavez was promoted to the rank of Colonel in 1991; the following year he starred in a coup by military forces (February 4, 1992) that attempts to overthrow the legitimate President Carlos Andrés Pérez. The coup fails (causing-according to official Ministry of defence items-14 dead and 53 wounded): Chávez is arrested and imprisoned. His arrest raises a broad popular movement that calls for their liberation: back into the wild in 1994 thanks to an amnesty, with the consequence that he must abandon the army. His political project begins to take shape already during the years of detention. Conquistatosi an extensive consensus with popular bands, in 1997 Chávez creates the political party "Fifth Republic movement (MVR) driving which wins the presidential election in December 6, 1998 (56.2% of the vote). The "Fifth Republic" carries the meaning of a new Constitution and a new legal system. WINS with its promises of aid to the poor majority of the population; launches for a referendum, the first in the history of Venezuela, to ask the people consent to draft a new Constitution: the votes in favour exceed 80%. In December 1999, the new Constitution, confirmed by another referendum. Among the most significant points include attention to human rights, the passage of the State structure from a representative democracy to a new form called "Participatory Democracy y Protagonica", the institution of "referendum to oust" for all elected offices, including President, in the second half of the mandate, the name change "Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela State in Venezuela", changing the presidential term of Office from five to six years with the possibility of one re-election. Approved the new Constitution, all elective public office submit to popular vote and even Chávez calls his tenure, ricandidandosi at new presidential elections. Is confirmed by a large majority (59.5%) on 30 July 2000, and start the implementation of the new Constitution, calling this stage "Peaceful Bolivarian Revolution". Re-elected again in 2006, Venezuela Chávez maintained nationwide Bolivarian missions launches, whose goals are to combat disease, illiteracy, malnutrition, poverty and social ills in General. In foreign policy moves against the "Washington Consensus" by supporting alternative models of economic development, requiring the cooperation of the world's poorest countries, especially those in South America. Cancer patient since June 2011 is repeatedly operated in Venezuela and Cuba: following the deterioration of his health, Hugo Chavez in Caracas on March 5, 2013 dies at the age of 58 years.
Article contributed by the team of collaborators.