Biography of Oliver Cromwell

A new British command

25 April 1599
3 September 1658
Oliver Cromwell was born on 25 April 1599 at Hantingdon, England. Her father is Robert Cromwell, an English Squire a Knight's son and the mother is Elizabeth Stuard. Cromwell begins his academic studies by attending the Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, where he received an education based on the principles I puritani. Then leave Cambridge University and moved to London, where he attended the courses of law and married Elizabeth Bourchier. In 1620 was forced to leave London, since he must return to Hantingdon for dealing with the legacy left by his father who died. He is a staunch and loyal to Puritan doctrine. Also takes the view that the Catholic world are organizing a conspiracy against the Puritan ideals and freedom. Eight years after failing to get elected as a representative of the city of Hantingdon within the English Parliament, challenging the absolutist policy conducted by the English King Charles I for ten years. What we cannot tolerate is that the English Crown does not make sharer Parliament in administrative and religious policy in the country.
In 1640 the King, because of a lack of funds, is forced to summon Parliament again because he has to have the agreement to impose new taxes in the Country. In this circumstance, however, misses a big consensus, because many members of Parliament are opposed to new taxes that would have burdened the English population. Cromwell, on this occasion, sided with them. The two sides in the field do not agree, so soon would be imminent outbreak of conflict between the parliamentary faction and that of the monarchy. Just before the start of the English civil war, Cromwell becomes General of cavalry and also founded a Department organized Cavalry, called Ironside Cavalry. The Organization of this Department will, in the future, the reference point for the Organization of the new British army, the New Model Army. In the early 1940s of 1600 begin hostilities between troops of the British monarchy and the New Model Army. The "royalists" cannot accept the behavior of man, whereby they try to arrest him inside the parliamentary seat. In fact these can, like other members of Parliament, to save themselves.
After a battle openly, in 1644 the English troops led by Commander obtained a landslide victory against the royalists at Marston Moor. Now Cromwell is in control of the situation in the country, becoming the most prominent exponent of the English Parliament. After the civil war, he manages with great determination to eliminate from the political scene English Conservative Presbyterian current leaders through the "Rump Parliament". In 1646 the King is arrested and undermined its power. Together with the members of Parliament, Cromwell attempts to reach a compromise with the King Charles i. the latter does not want to come to terms with the members of Parliament, because he believes that the country should be governed only by the monarchy, which must be based on a divine power.
Two years later Charles I manage to escape from prison. Soon after he is arrested and charged with high treason in January 1649 is executed following a parliamentary vote. Early Cromwell leaves for Ireland and Scotland with the aim of defeating the latter realists. After taking part in the bloody battle of Drogheda and defeating the last royalists in Scotland, back at home, where it has to reorganize the British political system. Here gives birth to the first Commonwealth of British history and in 1653 dissolves the Parliament of the English Republic. Becomes so England into a proper military dictatorship, obtaining the support of the British army which he led during the civil war against supporters of the King.
Pursuing a common foreign very shrewd, marked by the war between his country and the Republic of the seven United Provinces of the Netherlands, won then by the British led by Admiral Robert Blake in 1654, after numerous battles between the Baltic Sea and the East Indies. Very important is the Alliance that England tightens in years with France, between 1650 and 1655 to win the battle against the Spanish; on this occasion England gains control of Dunkirk, which lies along the English channel, and the Jamaica lost by the Spanish against the British fleet led by Sir William Penn. Cromwell is then awarded the position of Lord protector English Abbey of West Minster. After you have obtained this title, decides that after him his powers were not transmitted by inheritance. In addition it is also issued, in the village, a new constitutional text with which man may also award titles of nobility. His condition worsened because of a worsening of malaria contracted years earlier. Oliver Cromwell died on 3 September 1658 at the age of 59 years.
Article contributed by the team of collaborators.