Definition of Formal ethics
Formal ethics, is the one known as Kantian ethics, in homage to its propeller, the German philosopher Immanuel Kant. In regards to the history of ethics and the theory of knowledge, in the 18th century, occurs a schism with the appearance on the scene of the German philosopher Emmanuel Kant, on the one hand, by his critique of pure reason and on the other hand because his proposition of a formal ethics came to contrast certainly to force material ethics. His ethics proposal promotes the freedom and dignity of all men above all things. Kant argued that the objectively good thing is a good will, the rest of the things that we tend to be considered as valuable, such as intelligence, value, wealth, among others, are not even up to can become dangerous for the man that prima is a twisted desire. According to Kant, man possesses both reason and instinct, meanwhile, the reason not only has a theoretical but also practical function which aims to find the moral good. Now, according to Kant the reason can hardly make happy someone, because the wise, from his intellect, will quickly discover the death, disease, poverty, among other unpleasant situations, meanwhile, good acts that come from practical reason do not lead to happiness, though it is possible the easiest man to find happiness without reason and with its mere instinct. Therefore, Kant argues that if the end of man is just happiness nature not we had endowed with a practical reason that make judgments that do not lead us to happiness, then, is a fact that man was endowed with that reason finally much higher than happiness. The foregoing is discovered the moral acts are not measurable on the basis of its results because they do not choose them to achieve something but by themselves, because the result of an act considered as well can be harmful, but anyway, the Act will continue being good, because Kant for matters of a moral Act passes through what moves it. Another important concept within the proposed Kantian is the categorical imperative, which are those acts commanded by the duty; This imperative will always send but without any purpose, only by respect for the duty, therefore, the man that follow it, which is able to send to itself, will be a free being. It is highlighted to the Kantian ethics from the rest of the ethical focus on forms of ethical decisions.