Biography of Andrés Bello… Mario Molina Henriquez… Homer… Nikola Tesla…

Biography of Andrés Bello

(1781-11-29 - 10-1865-15)

Andrés Bello
Writer and Venezuelan politician

He was born on November 29, 1781 in Caracas, Venezuela.
Son of beautiful Bartholomew and Ana Antonia Lopez.
It developed from very small interest in letters, science, and law, becoming soon one of the intellectuals of best scientific and academic preparation.
In 1796 he joined the seminary and University of Santa Rosa de Caracas. On 14 June 1800 he received the degree of Bachelor in arts, studies that gave it an excellent command of latin and Spanish. He also learned from self-employment, English and French.
In 1808 the main periodical of the captaincy General wrote the Gaceta de Caracas .
In 1810, along with Simón Bolívar, he moved to London where he remained until 1829.
In London he met Francisco de Miranda , who allowed him the use of the library, in Grafton Street. Extended studies in the library of the British Museum, made translations and edited the magazines American Library and the American Repertory. In 1814 he married María Ana Boyland which widowed in 1821; 3 children were born of this union. He then married Isabel Antonio Dunn of whose marriage 12 more children were born. Bello and his wife survived the majority of their children, since after the death of Elizabeth (1873), only 4 of the 15 children he had Bello were alive.
In 1822, he was appointed Acting Secretary of the Legation of Chile in London. In 1826 he was elected member of the National Academy created in Bogotá. In 1828 he was appointed consul general of Colombia in Paris. He settled in Chile, where he held senior positions in various ministries, a senatorship, and the Rectorate of the University of Santiago. He drafted the Civil Code and oriented to numerous intellectuals of the country and exiles, as Argentines Juan María Gutiérrez and Domingo Faustino Sarmiento.
He was named in 1851 by the Royal Spanish Academy member fee. Also performed works of historical collection, as a summary of the history of Venezuela (1810) and philosophical reflection, as a philosophy of understanding (posthumous, 1881), but his main work is the grammar of the Castilian language designated for the use of the Americans (1847), considered one of the most important texts in the scientific history of the Spanish language. In Chile, he also published principles of orthology and metric of the Castilian language (1835); Ideological in the times of the Spanish verb for analysis (1841); numerous poems, among them "the prayer for everyone", and frequent literary and scientific articles in El Araucano.
The University of Chile, where Andrés Bello served as rector until his death in Santiago on 15 October 1865 was founded in 1842.

Biography of Mario Molina Henriquez

(1943/03/19 - Unknown)

Mario J. Molina
Mario Molina Henriquez

American naturalized Mexican chemist
He was born on March 19, 1943 in the City of Mexico, being one of the seven children of law and diplomat, Roberto Molina Pasquel, specialist and Leonor Henríquez Verdugo.
He studied in Switzerland. Degree in Chemical sciences from the National Autonomous University of Mexico in 1965. He studied postgraduate at the University of Berkeley (California). He worked as a professor and researcher at Berkeley and Irvine, centers both belonging to the University of California, and at the Jet Propulsion Laboratoryof the California Institute of technology.
Molina has been engaged in research on the ozone layer, in 1974 he published together with the American Sherwood Rowland, an article in the journal Nature that warned about the growing threat that the use of gases chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) was supposed to the ozone layer. In 1989, he works in the Department of atmospheric sciences, planetary and the land of the Massachusetts Institute of technology. In the year 1994, belonged to the Advisory Committee on matters of science and technology of the President Bill Clinton.
On October 11, 1995 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry for his research on the ozone layer. He shared the prize with the American Sherwook Rowland, of the University of California (pioneer, along with him, in establishing the relationship between the ozone hole and the compounds of chlorine and bromide in the stratosphere), and with the Dane Paul Crutzen, of the Institute Max Planck of chemistry in Mainz, Germany (who found, in 1970, that the polluting gases have a destructive effect on that layer without decomposing).
On December 4, 1995, they were awarded by the programme of the United Nations for the environment (UNEP), for his contribution to the protection of the ozone layer. It received further Awards Tyler (1983) and Essekeb (1987), which grants the American Chemical Society; The Newcomb-Cleveland, of the American Association for the advancement of Science (1987), for an article published in Science magazine explaining their work on the chemistry of the Antarctic ozone hole and the Medal of NASA (1989), in recognition of his scientific achievements.
Molina was Advisor to the team of us President Barack Obama to issues of the environment in November 2008. President of Honor of the seas Association of Mexico, established in 2009, and dedicated to the conservation of the seas.

Biography of Homer

(Unknown - Unknown)

Homer
Greek author

There is just data on your person, and in fact some call into question who is the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, the two great epics of Greek Antiquity. However, the historian Herodotus claimed that he was born to the 850 BC and considered is that it came from somewhere in Ionia, Asia minor; the cities of Smyrna and Chios disputed that honor.
The Iliad
He is a courtly and chivalric epic. It tells the story of Achilles during the last year of the Trojan war. This story involves so many allies that is why that was so famous, since many villages of ancient Greece were represented in one way or another, and that didn't feel the same, was considered a foreigner even a barbarian. In addition to developing a heroic atmosphere, another of its characteristics is the description of inanimate things such as the sea, which happened to be a protagonist named constantly in all its beauty and detailing each of its States; Bravo, calm, light purple, and splendid
Insulted by his commander, Agamemnon, Achilles withdraws from battle, abandoning their Greek compatriots, who suffer terrible defeat at the hands of the Trojans to their fate. Achilles rejected all attempts of reconciliation by the Greeks, but finally gives in a way to allow fellow Patroclo to the head of his troops. Patroclus dies in combat, and Achilles, dam of anger and resentment, directs his hatred for the Trojans, to whose leader, Hector (son of the King Priam), defeat in battle.
The Odyssey
He is considered a time later than the Iliad and says the return of the Greek hero Odysseus (Ulysses in Latin tradition) of the Trojan war. It also shows geographical knowledge that were almost ignored in the Iliad and is a rather more sober character. The story focuses on the voyages of Odysseus and his clashes to the devouring men, Polyphemus, Cyclops or the goddess Calypso, promising him immortality if he decides to return home. The second half of the poem begins with the arrival of Odysseus to Ithaca. Where plot and leads to effect a bloody vengeance against the suitors of Penelope, his wife, meeting again with her, her son, and his father.
Between the 16th and 19th centuries, he doubted the existence of Homer and the Iliad and the Odyssey were successions of independent poems linked in two great works by the rhapsodists or reciters believed. Today are considered works of the same author and, according to recent archaeological research, have an undeniable historical background. I.e. the poetic invention was based on real events. He was also the author of the Homeric hymns, a series of relatively short poems, which celebrate the exploits of various gods, composed in a similar epic style. On his death, the most extended version was happened in the Cyclades Islands.

Biography of Nikola Tesla

(1856/07/10 - 07/01/1943)

Nikola Tesla
Electrical engineer and inventor

He was born on July 10, 1856 in Smiljan, Croatia.
His parents were of Western Serbia, near Montenegro. Son of Milutin Tesla, an Orthodox priest. his mother, Djuka Mandic, whose father was also an Orthodox priest, had a special talent for the manufacture of tools for the home and large capacity for memorizing epic poems. Tesla was the fourth of five siblings. His brother called greater Dane was killed in a horse riding accident when Nikola was five years old. That early death marked him for life, since it was considered responsible for the accident.
In 1861, he attended the primary school in Smiljan, where he studied German, arithmetic and religion. In 1862, the family moved to Gospic, Austrian Empire, where his father worked as a shepherd. In 1870, he moved to Karlovac, Croatia, to assist the Royal Gymnasium of Gospic, where he was influenced by his teacher of mathematics Martin Sekulic. From a very small demonstrated an exceptional talent for the mathematics and teachers wary of his genius, they forced him to pass tests to demonstrate that it had not copied their theories. Graduated in 1873 and returned to his hometown where, shortly after his arrival contracted cholera. He was sick in bed for nine months and close to death on several occasions. His father promised to send you to the best school of engineering if recovering from illness (his father wanted to devote himself to the priesthood).
In 1874, he avoided his recruitment by the Austro-Hungarian army fleeing to Tomingaj, near Gracac. In 1875, he enrolled a scholarship at the Polytechnic School in Graz, Austria. During its first year never missed a class and obtained the highest scores possible. At the end of his second year of studies he lost his scholarship and became a gambling addict. During his third year of tuition money was played. Never graduated at the University and in December 1878, left Graz and cut relations with his family, trying to hide them the abandonment of studies. He moved to Maribor (today in Slovenia), where he worked as a draftsman for 60 guilders per month and passed the time playing cards. In March 1879, her mother moved up to there to beg her son return home, but Nikola refused.
On March 24, 1879, he was returned to Gospic under police surveillance because they have no residence permit. On April 17, 1879, his mother died, and during that year, he taught the students at his old school. In January 1880, two of his uncles together enough money to send him to Prague where intended to study at University, but unfortunately, it came too late to register; also not studied Greek or Czech, compulsory subjects. Tesla attended lectures at the University, though, as auditor, he received never ratings of courses. In 1881, he moved to Budapest to work at Ferenc Puskas where became head of electricians. During his employment, he made many improvements in the team from the central station and they claimed to have perfected a phone that was never patented.
In 1882, he joined the Continental Edison Company in France, to design and improve electrical equipment. In June 1884, he moved to New York City where he was hired by Thomas Edison to work on Edison Machine Works designing engines and generators , but abandoned it to devote himself exclusively to experimental research and invention. In 1885, he argued could redesign the motors and generators of Edison to improve its service and economy. According to Tesla, Edison told: "Have fifty thousand dollars for you if you can do it". After months of work fulfilled the task and demanded payment. Edison told him that he was joking, and he replied: "You don't understand our American humor". In return, he offered a wage increase from $10 a week to 18. Tesla refused the offer and said goodbye.
In 1888, his first practical system design was held to generate and transmit alternating current for electric powersystems. Developed AC induction motor, eliminating the commutator and brushes of DC motors ignition and it introduced improvements in the field of transmission and generation of AC power, noting that both the generation as the transmission of the same that could be obtained rather more effectively with an alternating current in the case of the DC the most commonly used at that time.
The rights of this invention, momentous at the time, were purchased by the American inventor George Westinghouse, who showed the system for the first time in the World completo Columbian Exposition in Chicago (1893). Two years later Tesla alternating current motors were installed in the design of the Niagara Falls power.
In 1893, he designed a system of wireless communication and built an antenna of more than 30 meters high, the Wardencliff Tower, which aim to transmit electrical energy without wires, with the same principle of operation as the radio. He patented more than 700 inventions such as an electrical submarine in 1898 and a small ship that would capture energy emitted by the Wardencliff Tower that would be stored in its batteries.
According to some Serbian scientists, operation of the Sojourner system is based on the patent for the electric submarine designed by Tesla. In 1893, before the first flight of the Wrightbrothers, it tested a prototype of the first vertical take-off aircraft.
The SI unit of magnetic flux intensity is TESLA so named in his honor.
Tesla never married; It stated that chastity was very useful for their scientific skills. Towards the end of his life, told a journalist: "sometimes I feel I made a sacrifice too great not to marry is to my work" Although numerous women competed for her affection never had relationship with some of them.
Nikola Tesla died on January 7, 1943, alone in room 3327 of the New Yorker Hotel, in the city of New York (United States). His body was found after ignoring the sign "do not disturb" that had placed in the door two days earlier.