Biography of Ciro Alegria… San Vicente de Paul… David Alfaro Siqueiros… Anders Celsius…

Biography of Ciro Alegria

(1909/11/04 - 1967/02/13)

Ciro Alegría
Peruvian writer

He was born on November 4, 1909 at Quilca-Humachuco. He spent his childhood in large Marcabal, along the Marañon River Ranch.
He studied at the colegio nacional de San Juan, Trujillo and later philosophy and letters at the University of this city.
Militant of the Apristaparty, this political activity means it first jail and then exile in Chile. In 1941 he won prize of Hispano-American literature organized by a New York Publisher with his novel "the world is wide and others". He leaves Chile and moved to the United States. Later it will reside in Puerto Rico and Cuba.
He is the author as well as two books of short stories: "the legend of the walnut tree" (1940) and "duel of Knights" (1965). His novels: "the Golden snake" (1935), "hungry dogs" (1939) and "the world is wide and others' (1941), his masterpiece. His last duel of Knightswork was published in 1963. Other stories: "the offering of stone" (1978), "the Sun of the Jaguars" (1979), "seven tales quiromanticos" (1980). Belonging to the indigenous current call.
In Chile he married her second aunt, Rosalie Amézquita joy, with whom he had two sons. Then espoused with Puerto Rican, Ligia Marchand and finally with the Dora Varona Cuban poetess with whom he had four children.
Ciro Alegría died on February 13, 1967 in Chosica in Chaclacayo because of a cardiac infarct.

Biography of San Vicente de Paul

(1581/04/24 - 1660/09/27)

St. Vincent de Paul
French priest

He was born on April 24, 1581 in a small farm on the outskirts of the village of Pouy, about five kilometers from the city of Dax, in the region of Landes, Southwest France. In the place of his birth, known today as Berceau de Saint Vincent de Paul, rises a modest building of brick and wooden beams similar to the House he was born Vincent in April 1580 or 1581 (the exact year is not secure).
It was the third of six siblings. The modest condition of the family did that very soon the child Vicente had to work of Shepherd of sheep and pigs contribute to the family economy. Soon also gave signs of an awake intelligence, prompting his father to think that this child could very well 'careers' specifically, an ecclesiastical career.
He studied primary and secondary in Dax, and later philosophy and theology at Toulouse for seven years. He also did some studies in Zaragoza. Be ordered very young, at age twenty, with the intention of being parish priest immediately and so to help his family.
It seems that in 1606 it was captured by pirates on a trip to Narbonne and sold as a slave in Tunisia, although he managed to escape and returned to France. San Vicente de Paúl worked for 20 years as a pastor and chaplain of an aristocratic family. He was chaplain general to the French galleys and worked in favour of the galley slaves.
In the year 1617 he founded the first Confraternity of charity, consisting of wealthy women dedicated to helping the sick and the poor in Châtillon-les-Dombes, near Lyon. In 1622 san Francisco de Sales appointed him superior of the Parisian convents of the order of the Visitation of Holy Mary. With the help of the family for which he worked as a chaplain founded the Congregation of the mission, dedicated to preaching among the peasants of the properties of the family, and in 1626 he established one of their communities at the Collège des Bons Enfants in Paris.
In addition, it created other altruistic organizations such as the Sisters of charity, which was formed in 1633 under his leadership and with the help of Saint Louise de Marillac; to them the Hospital of Paris Foundation.
San Vicente de Paúl died in Paris from September 27, 1660. He was canonized in 1737 and named patron of charities in 1885.

Biography of David Alfaro Siqueiros

(1896-12/29 - 1974/01/06)

David Alfaro Siqueiros
Mexican painter

He was born on December 29, 1896 in Santa Rosalía (today Ciudad Camargo), Chihuahua (Mexico).
He studied at the School of fine arts of Mexico and in the school of Santa Anita in this city. In 1914 he joined the Mexican Revolution reaching the rank of Colonel in the Constitutionalist army.
He took part in the revival of fresco painting done under governmental sponsorship of murals in public buildings decorations. He was one of the big three of Mexican muralism Diego Rivera and José Clemente Orozco.
He lived in Paris, Barcelona and United States. In 1921 he published in Barcelona a unique number of the American life magazine, which contained his "manifesto for the artists of America", in which exposed their ideas about the mural. On his return, he organized the Union of painters, sculptors and gravers revolutionary. The Government commissioned the first large murals, the first of which failed to finish, due to a student strike.
He joined the Mexican Communist Party and founded the newspaper El Machete. Seven times and other is jailed exiled because of his Marxist-Stalinistideology. He takes part in the revolutions against Huerta and fought on the Republican side in the Spanish Civil War where reached the rank of Colonel in the International brigades. Between 1936-37, he worked in New York forming a school called "the Siqueiros Experimental study".
His political activism is represented in the frescoes he painted with themes of revolutionary dynamics. His paintings represent a very particular synthesis of styles Futurist, expressionist and abstract. By participating, in Mexico, in an attack on the writer Trotsky, Siqueiros was expelled and went into exile in Chile, thanks to a management of the consul Pablo Neruda. In 1962 he was imprisoned by the Government for organizing student unrest of extreme left two years earlier; He was pardoned in 1964.
His most outstanding works are: March of mankind (1971), which decorate the walls of the Hotel of Mexico and which covers an area of 4,600 m2 of articulated, and panels of the porfirian revolution, of 4,500 m2, in the Museum of national history of the city of Mexico. He was awarded the National prize of art of Mexico and the Lenin peace prize.
David Alfaro Siqueiros died in Cuernavaca on January 6, 1974, and was buried in the Rotonda de los Hombres Ilustres.

Biography of Anders Celsius

(27/11/1701 - 1744/04/25)

Anders Celsius
Swedish astronomer

He was born November 27, 1701 in Uppsala, Sweden.
Professor of astronomy between 1730 and 1744 at the University of Uppsala, where he built and directed the city Observatory in 1740.
His collection of 316 observations of the aurora borealis was published in the year 1733.
It showed in collaboration with Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis and during a geophysical expedition to Lapland, the correctness of the assumptions about the flattening of the Earth established years before by Isaac Newton. So he carried out various geophysical measurements that confirmed his hypothesis.
He proposed the Celsius thermometer, which has a scale of 100 degrees which separate the point of boiling and freezing water.
His name is degree Celsius, the CGPM (General Conference of weights and measures) was rejected in 1948 in degree Celsius.
Anders Celsius died April 25, 1744 in Uppsala.