Biography of Giuseppe Verdi… Gustave Flaubert… Maradona - Diego Armando Maradona… Franz Schubert…

Biography of Giuseppe Verdi

(10/10/1813 - 1901/01/27)

Giuseppe Verdi
Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi
Italian composer

He was born on 10 October 1813 in Le Roncole, Busseto, Parma State.
Son of Carlos Verdi and Luisa Uttini, illiterate peasants. Very soon a patron took charge of Giuseppe; Antonio Barezzi, Manager of the Philharmonic Society of Busetto set out to help you. His first public performance would be done in Bussetto in 1830 in casa Barezzi, loving wholesaler of the local music that would support it for a long time to make his musical ambitions. Barezzi invited Verdi to be music teacher for her daughter, Margherita, which fell in love and the married. Margherita gave birth to their two children, Virginia and Icilio. Both died in infancy, while Verdi was working on his first opera and, shortly thereafter, his wife also died at the age of 26.
His first two teachers were Don Seletti Canon and the director of the school of music of Busetto, choirmaster and organist of the Cathedral. He took composition lessons while attending opera performances and concerts, often of German music. In 1832 he was rejected by the Conservatory of Milan because of his youth and that "his exercises showed no special skills for music". He was a pupil of the Milanese composer Vincenzo Lavigna.
Back in Bussetto in 1833 was director of the Philharmonic Society. When he was 25 years returns to Milan , and his first opera premiered,Oberto count of San Bonifacio in 1839 at La Scala, did not have any impact. His comic opera Un giorno di regno (a day of Kingdom, 1840) failed and affected by the deaths of his wife Margherita Barezzi and their children, decides to leave the composition.
A year later the director of La Scala convinces him to write Nabucco (1842). He did it in less than three months and opera caused a great sensation, aided by the subject of the captivity of the Jews in Babylon, which was considered by the Italian public as an allusion to opposition to the Austrian Government in the North of Italy. Made custom cheer Víctor Manuel as King of Italy by saying "Viva Verdi" since the composer's name was an acronym for 'Vittorio Emanuele Re d' Italy'. In many of the performances of his operas were produced true patriotic riots that required the intervention of the army. The Italian volunteers sang some numbers of his operas when they were going to fight against the Austrians. These operas was followed by I Lombardi alla prima crociata (1843) and Ernani (1844), which enjoyed great success.
Following 11 operas only Macbeth (1847) and Luisa Miller (1849) are kept in the current repertoire of opera. Rigoletto (1851), Il trovatore (1853) and La Traviata (1853) based on the novel La Dama de las Camelias, written by Alexandre Dumas, they assumed their consecration and are among the most popular of all time. Among the operas he wrote in the following years are The Sicilian Vespers (1855), Simone Bocanegra (1857) a ballo in maschera (1859), the forza del destino (1862) and Don Carlo (1867). Aida (1871) was commissioned by the viceroy of Egypt to celebrate the opening of the Suez Canal and its premiere took place in Cairo.
Three years later he composed his most important non-operatic work Requiem (1874) in commemoration of the death of the Italian novelist Alessandro Manzoni. His non-operatic compositions include the dramatic cantata Inno delle nazioni (1862) and the Quartet for strings in e minor (1873) as well as a Te Deum, composed at age 85 and other religious works.
When he was 70 years he composed Otello (1887), with a libretto the composer and Italian librettist Arrigo Boito had cleverly adapted from William Shakespeare'stragedy. This was followed by his last opera Falstaff (1893.
He came to be a Deputy and Senator and the people loved it not only as a musician, but by its meaning in the struggle for the reunification of Italy.
In the mid-1840, Verdi fell in love with the soprano Giuseppina Strepponi , who became his companion for the rest of his life. Their cohabitation before marriage was considered scandalous. They finally married on August 29 1859, near Geneva.
During his stay in Milan Verdi suffered a stroke, dying a few days later, on January 27, 1901, in the same city. Arturo Toscanini conducted the orchestras and combined choirs composed of musicians from throughout Italy at his funeral in Milan. To date, the largest public assistance of any event in the history of Italy. He was initially buried in the Monumental Cemetery of Milan, although a month later his body was transferred to the crypt of a nursing home for musicians retired to which left his fortune and that would bear his name: «Casa Verdi».

Biography of Gustave Flaubert

(1821/12/12 - 1880/05/08)

Gustave Flaubert
French writer

Be stupid, selfish and good health, here are the three conditions that are required to be happy. But if the first missing you, you're lost.
Gustave Flaubert
He was born on December 12, 1821 in Rouen, France. The son of a famous surgeon. Had five brothers, but they survived only two: Achille, born in 1813 and Caroline, who came into the world in 1824 and shared his passion for the letters.
At thirteen he founded the handwritten newspaper Progrès Art. He studied law in Paris although his delicate health forced him to leave them. He suffered his first seizure in the years 1843/44, Flaubert was then 22 years old. It is expected, that these crises influenced clearly in the inner balance and the social behavior of the writer. "My active life ended at the age of 22. I have my nerves that do not give me rest.
He met Víctor Hugo and the poet Louise Colet, who later became his muse and lover. Louise was 11 years older than him. Between 1846 and 1855 he wrote hundreds of letters. When his muse died in 1876, he plunged into a despair that worsened their health status. From 1849 to 1851 was devoted to travel in Greece and the Middle East with his friend Maxime du Camp. The greatest contribution of the trip will reflected it in his novel Salambo.
In the Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871), he was mobilized as a Lieutenant in the National Guard. He had to retreat to their relatives in Croisset, and finish later, he stayed at the family home of the husband of his niece, in Rouen. Occupied this town by the Prussians, Flaubert was forced by them to serve as Secretary and servant. He retired to a family farm in Croisset, a village close to Rouen, to live with her mother and her small niece and devote himself entirely to literature. Its small rentier position will allow you to do so. His first novel, and the most popular, was Madame Bovary, which would begin to be published serials in 1856 in the Revue de Paris and then in book form, in 1857. Emma Bovary is one of the most universal critically-acclaimed characters. On one occasion, asked how he had managed the thoroughness of this character, Flaubert replied: "I am Madame Bovary".
Shortly after its publication he faced an important legal process. Flaubert and his publisher were charged for immorality. Although they were acquitted, the scandal tarnished always accompanied the book. Madame Bovary, has the subtitle of provincial customs. In-depth analysis of the humanity and an attack to the monotony and the disappointments of middle-class life. Madame Bovary is regarded as a masterpiece of realism.
He wrote other novels as The temptation of St. Anthony (1874), which achieved great success by critics, who arrived to compare it, because of its importance, with Fausto by Goethe. As in almost all the works of Flaubert combine elements both romantic and naturalist.
In his letters, published posthumously, Correspondance (4 volumes, 1887-1893), called his work "agonies of art". It is noteworthy the precision in the details and in the language of Flaubert. Among other works of Flaubert novel sentimental education (1869), three short stories published under the title of three tales (1877), and two works published posthumously, unfinished novel Bouvard and Pécuchet (1881) and Dictionary of clichés (1913).
I was living in economic hardship, which is somewhat, relief when it got an official Inn of thousand francs.
Gustave Flaubert died at Croisset, lower Normandy, France, on May 8, 1880. His funeral distinguished writers of the time was attended by most.

Biography of Maradona - Diego Armando Maradona

(1960/10/30 - Unknown)

Maradona
Diego Armando Maradona
Argentine soccer player

He was born on October 30, 1960 in Lanus, near Buenos Aires (Argentina).
It was the fifth of eight children of Diego Maradona and Dalma saving Franco, known as Tota. He was raised in Villa Fiorito, Buenos Aires province, between the paddocks and poverty.
Began in the world of football at age nine, in a playground equipment, The onions. At sixteen he was already convened by argentina's national team. In 1979 he was elected him as best South American player of the year.
His first debut took place on Wednesday, October 20, 1976. It was with the Argentinos Juniors, with shirt number 16, putting a pipe in the first ball that touches. They received to Talleres de Córdoba, the match ended 0-1 but hardly matters the result, that day would be historic for Argentine football. The first hard time was on May 19, 1978, when César Luis Menotti not called him to play the World Argentina 1978. Then he was summoned by the youth selection, he landed in Japan, the three parties of the initial round were in Omiya. Diego was the captain and the team achieved a very good level by beating Indonesia 5-0, 1-0 to Yugoslavia and Poland 4-1. The campaign was relentless, these three wins followed three others, Algeria 5-0, Uruguay 2-0 and 3-1 to the Soviet Union. Diego converted 6 goals in 6 matches.
It was signed by Atlético Boca Juniors, it was required by Barcelona and River Plate, but he was faithful to his team. On February 22, 1981 was held his debut, scoring him 2 goals to Talleres de Córdoba. April 12 Diego plays the first classic, was a rainy night in La Bombonera and River 3 - 0 they defeat with a goal of his. Finally, Boca went champion at the hands of Diego Armando Maradona.
Despite all these experiences, through the Barcelona did not a nice character. During his tenure in the Spanish team, he suffered hepatitis, fracture, and more ominously, discrimination. His official debut took place on September 5, the ' 82 marking a goal in the defeat against Valencia. After leaving Barcelona, goes to Italy to play in Naples. He debuted on August 22, 1984 in a packed San Paolo for the cup of Italy, winning 4-1 with a goal of yours.
With arrival of the Mexico 86 world consecrated himself as one of those who would make history. The debut was with a 3-1 win against South Korea on June 3. Three days later, with a goal from Maradona, they tied 1-1 against Italy. On 11 June, Argentina 2 - 0 Bulgaria, Diego does not make goals, five days later defeated Uruguay by the minimum difference in a very hard match, where nullified a goal Diego by so-called hand. On June 22, 1986 it was the big day, Argentina - England, Diego made a fantastic goal from back side of pitch and gambeteando everything that crossed him ahead. It should not forget the famous first goal against the English, "the hand of God". On 25 June they beat Belgium 2 - 0 with two goals by Maradona and the consecration is June 29 to defeat 3-2 to Germany in the final of the world Mexico ' 86. Argentina was proclaimed world champion.
After social recognition and success, his career was affected in 1991 to be accused of consuming drugs. They instantly expelled from Naples. In 1992 he returned to Spain to play, but now in the Seville of Carlos Bilardo. His tenure with the club was not anything good, was not in good physical shape and play 25 matches, scoring only four goals. A year later comes to Newell's Old Boys where only play 4 games without scoring goals in a fleeting passage by that institution.
Reached the 94 World Cup in the United States. For this, Mardona was prepared very well, was online and eager to play a great role, but gave positive anti-doping test after the match against Nigeria and it was discovered that he had consumed "ephedrina", substance not permitted by FIFA. It was suspended him for one year with the ban on playing football. Thus the Argentine team, which thanks to Maradona had a good team with good chances of winning the World Cup, without its captain was defeated.
In 1995, Diego returns to his love, the Boca Juniorsteam. Its back to the goal was October 15th nothing more nor nothing less than against his Argentinos Juniors, winning 1-0. In this step by his beloved club, he played 29 games scoring 7 goals between 1995 and 1997. On October 25, 1997 it was the last time that Diego played professional and officially left football, was the classic against River where Boca defeated it 2-1.
In December 1999, Maradona received the century Argentine Clarín and Olimpia to the best athlete Awards. It was five times top scorer and was awarded ten (10) titles: Boca (1981), Barcelona (cup of Reu 1983), Napoli (scudetto in 1987 and 1990; Cup Italy 1987, 1989 UEFA Cup and Italian Super Cup 1991), argentina's national team (World Youth 1979, Mexico 1986 World Cup Artemio Franchi 1993). He played 90 games with the blue and white and scored 33 goals, 8 of them in the world.
In October 2008, it was presented as the new coach of the Argentina national football team and was Vice President of Boca Juniors football Council from June 2005 until August 2006. As of March 28, 2009 and until the last match in the World Cup of South Africa, on July 3, 2010, he was Technical Director of the Argentina selection. Then went to the team of the Al Wasl in Dubai from May 2011 to July 2012.
Married to Claudia Villafañe from 1984 to 2004, he is the father of Diego Sinagra, Giannina, Dalma Nerea and Giannina Dinorah, Diego Fernando Maradona.

Biography of Franz Schubert

(1797/01/31 - 1828/11/19)

Franz Schubert
Austrian composer

He was born on January 31, 1797 in Lichtenthal, near Vienna.
It was the twelfth of 14 brothers, Franz Schubert received his first lessons at age 8. Son of the master priest Franz Theodro Florian choir and Maria Elisabet Katherina.
Ten years after he wrote his first songs. Author of six hundred compositions in the form of lieders. At work that left are among others: 21 sonatas, feel masses and nine symphonies; of these, the best known is The unfinished symphony, masterful work of two movements.
In 1808 will be fellow in the chapel of the Court, as a student of Antonio Salieri composition in 1813. In this same year joined the Academy of teachers of basic education of Annagasse into 1814 in school teacher. He highlighted some of his songs, Hagars Klage (1811) and Der Vatermöder (1811). Influenced by the music of Beethoven, who is passionate about. At that age, various documents described as portly, short-sighted, round face and lush hair. In 1813 he began to teach at the school of his father. A year later held the creation of his first opera, Des Teufels Lustschloss, his first mass (in f major), and 17 songs.
In 1815 he completed his second and third symphonies, composed two masses in g and si flat major, other religious works, Chamber music and 146 songs, the King of the Elves between them. A year later composed tragic Symphony (No. 4), Symphony No. 5 in b flat major, religious music, an opera, and some 100 new songs. He falls in love with María Teresa Grob, a soprano who acted in his mass in Fa. Despite the success of his compositions, the failure in this love would mark an important his late compositions, which marked the birth of the Lied (song for voice solo and accompaniment).
In 1820, Franz Schubert wrote the music for the melodrama the enchanted harp, and twin brothers (1820). He also created music religious as twenty-three Psalms and the incomplete oratorio Lazarus. In 1821 he composed the unfinished symphony (unfinished symphony), and the mass in a flat. The song cycle La bella molinera composed in 1823, and the octet and the Songs of Sir Walter Scottin 1824.
The two following years dedicated them to compose the great (1825) and the song cycle winter journey (1827). Belong to 1828 the mass in e flat major, the Quintet for strings in c major, the three last sonatas and the last group of songs the swansong, published after his death. He never dispensed with classical structures, and therefore is not considered him as a precursor of the romantic, but rather as the latter to follow the path of Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven. On March 29, 1827, Schubert is one of 30 composers who accompany the coffin of Beethoven.
Franz Schubert died of typhoid the November 19, 1828 in Vienna at his brother's House, after composing the Lied "the Shepherd on the rock".