Biography of René Higuita… Carlos III… Lord Byron - Lord George Gordon Noel Byron… Ernesto Sabato…

Biography of René Higuita

(1966/08/28 - Unknown)

René Higuita
José René Higuita Zapata

Colombian soccer goalkeeper
He was born on August 28, 1966 in Medellín (Colombia).
Nicknamed "El Loco" for his eccentricities on the pitch, in the early 1990s, was considered one of the best goalkeepers in the world.
He made his debut with Atlético Nacional of Medellín (1987-1991), participating in the success of Colombian soccer: victory in the Copa Libertadores in 1989, where he scored a penalty goal and arrested four. He participated in the Italy 90 world, although he lost a ball to the Cameroonian Roger Milla that cost his team the elimination. In 1992 tab for Real Valladolid in the Spanish League, where he played only a season since his style not gelled.
His problems with the justice begin April 30, 1993, the day that Claudia Molina, offering Higuita's mediator for the release of the girl was kidnapped. Thanks to the intervention of the doorman the girl was freed and his father, in gratitude, gave 40 million pesos. Higuita was charged with three offences: kidnapping derived, illicit enrichment; Omission of notice and intermediation. On 4 June of that same year a regional judge issued detention order against him, being imprisoned. In Colombia demonstrations were called to ask for his release, and Higuita came to declare hunger strike until it was released on January 3, 1994.
The incident caused him to lose the United States World Cup, but was able to return to the Atletico Nacional of Medellin and the selection.

Biography of Carlos III

(1716/01/20 - 1788/12/14)

Carlos III
King of Naples (1734-1759), King of Spain (1759-1788)

He was born January 20, 1716 in Madrid. Son of Felipe V and Isabel de Farnesio.
In the wake of the war of succession of Poland, he entered Naples (1734) and seized Sicilia. In 1759 Carlos succeeded his half-brother Ferdinand VI on the Spanish throne. In 1737 he married Maria Amalia of Saxony, daughter of Federico Augusto II. They were parents of 13 children, although only seven reached adulthood. He came to Spain with his wife, who will die a year later, and their children born in Italy.
Carlos III, in contact with the European thought, continues the reformism of Fernando VI. Simple and austere character, his Government carried out reforms that led to a broad social unrest. Limited the authority of Diocesan judges, was the restoration of the regio pass and depreciation of goods shrank. Popular discontent is fostered by the propaganda of the privileged ones, caused by the policy of urbanism in Madrid (rates of lighting or prohibition of throwing garbage to the street, for example), attempts to modification of Customs (flock of cloaks and hats) and some hacendisticas and administrative reforms. On 23 May 1766 broke out a mutiny in Madrid and other provinces. Vivas is sounding to the King and called for the dismissal of Esquilache. Restored social order, the policy will be directed by a series of men like Floridablanca, Campomanes, Aranda or Jovellanos, ensuring continuity in the reforms.
The first act was the expulsion of the Jesuits (February 1767), whom the Attorney opinion, Campomanes, alleged instigators of the riot. The extension of education to all groups of society, through the establishment of centres of the municipalities or Real economic partnerships, the creation of Schools of agriculture or the equivalent to the trade in many cities and the proposals for reform of University studies (1771 and 1786) tries to. The reform of municipal power, the refurbishment is carried out fiscal and monetary, attempts of modernization of agriculture and the liberalisation of the sectors industrial and commercial. Monetary policy in the remodeling of March 1772, the issuance of vouchers real, the first paper currency of Spain, initiated in September 1780, and the creation of the Bank of San Carlos, occur in September 1782. Agricultural leases were frozen and taken up the making of an agrarian law, which would not see the light until 1794.
After the signing of the third family with France (1761) declares war on Great Britain (1762), ended with the Treaty of Paris (1763). Another war with Britain, where you try to recover Gibraltar (1780/2) broke out in 1779 and deals Menorca (1782), ending with the peace of Versailles (1783), giving the British the Florida Spain and recognizing the occupation of Menorca. The American colonies are upgraded from the hand of the new reformist and enlightened thought and economic boom.
Carlos III died in Madrid of December 14, 1788. His remains rest in the Royal crypt of the Monastery of El Escorial.
His son preceded him Charles IV, King of Spain. Married with María Luisa of Bourbon-Parma, Princess of Parma and offspring.

Biography of Lord Byron

(1788/01/22 - 1824/04/19)

George Gordon
Lord Byron
Lord George Gordon Noel Byron
English poet

He was born 22 January 1788 in London.
Descendant of a branch of the Buron, an ancient Norman family. Son of Captain John Byron, named Mad Jack (the mad Jack), and Catherine Gordon of Gicht. He spent childhood in Aberdeen, at the mouth of the rivers Don and Dee, on the Scottish coast in the North Sea.
He studied at Harrow school and at the University of Cambridge. In 1798, died when the fifth baron Byron, who was his great uncle William, inherited the title and properties. In 1822, he adopted the name of Noel to receive an inheritance from her mother-in-law.
The publication of his book of poems leisure time appears in 1807; an adverse criticism appeared in the Edinburgh Review prompted his reply in verse entitled Scottish English and critical bards (1809). In 1809 he had an I bench in the House of Lords , and spent two years in Spain, Portugal and Greece. On his return from the traditional grand tour or study tour of the young nobles, which lasted from 1809 until 1911, Byron loses his mother, gives his first speech in the House of Lords, and publishes the first cantos of his pilgrimage of Childe Harold. In his mansion in Newstead orgies are organized and drinking in empty skulls. Byron recognizes its own beauty, striving to its thinness, drinking vinegar to be pale and says eat only biscuits and soda water.
In 1812 the fame came after the publication of the first two cantos of Childe Harold, poem that chronicles his travels in Europe. In the two following years appeared his narrative poems, the infidel (1813), the bride of Abydos (1813), the Corsair (1814) and Lara (1814). In 1815, are edited his Hebrew melodies. That same year, he married Anna Isabella Milbanke, who after giving birth to the only legitimate daughter of poet, abandoned him. A year later, it agreed to the legal separation from his wife. Rumors about his incestuous relationship with his half-sister Augusta and doubts about his sanity led to his social ostracism. Byron left England in 1816 and did not return ever.
He moved to Genoa, where he lived with Shelley and Claire Clairmont. There he wrote the third canto of Childe Harold and the narrative poem the prisoner of Chillon (1816). Between 1816 and 1819, he lived in Venice, where he writes the drama in verse Manfred (1817), which originated its correspondence with Goethe, the first two cantos of Don Juan (1818-1819), and the fourth and final canto of Childe Harold (1818). In addition to the satirical poem Beppo (1818).
He spent two years traveling Italy until 1821 that settles in Pisa. In this city he wrote dramas in Cain and Sardanapalus verse and narrative poems Mazeppa and the island. In 1822 he founded The Liberal magazine with the poets Percy Bysshe Shelley and Leigh Hunt, but the death of Shelley that same year and a fight with Hunt put an end to this company when they had only published three copies.
He discussed literary with the poet Robert Southey, who had attacked his Don Juan in the preface of his book a vision of the last judgement. In his response he showed his ability as satirical composing a devastating attack, in the style of a vision of the final judgment, to praise that Southey wrote on the death of George III.
When news of the revolt of the Greeks against the Turkscame him, joined the insurgents in July 1823 in Missolonghi. It not only recruited a regiment for the cause of Greek independence but that he contributed large sums of money. He was appointed by the Greek Commander in Chief of forces in January 1824.
Lord Byron died April 19, 1824 in Missolonghi (according to some) rheumatic fever or meningitis (according to others). He even came to witness a battle. His body was received with great demonstrations of mourning, upon his arrival in London.

Biography of Ernesto Sabato

(1911/06/24 - 2011/04/30)

Ernesto Sabato
Argentine essayist and novelist

He was born on June 24, 1911 in Rojas, Buenos Aires (Argentina).
Descendant of Albanian mother and Italian father.
He graduated at the University of La Plata, in physics and mathematics. In 1938 he gained his doctorate, after which departed for Paris, where he began to work in the laboratories Joliot-Curie. There he met the surrealism, for which he was heavily influenced. In 1940 he returned to his country to work as a professor at the National University of Buenos Aires.
It is regarded as one of the great Latin American literature not only for his novels, but also for his extensive essay on the human condition. He began his literary activity and his friendship with the Group South, where he met Victoria Ocampo and Jorge Luis Borges, with whom he always had a conflictive relationship but that gave rise, in 1976, to a beautiful book entitled dialogues with Jorge Luis Borges.
In 1945 appeared published a few articles in the La Nación newspaper in which the regime of Juan Domingo Perón was attacked, so it was forced to abandon teaching. Inactive spent a whole year time dedicated to writing the book one and the universe (1945), a collection of articles political, philosophical, which castigated neutral morality of science inherited from the 19th century.
This distrust of science caused him to investigate the possibilities that would provide literature to analyze existential problems, by which as well the novel emerged tunnel (1948) in which he describes a story of love and death. On heroes and tombs (1961), gave him international fame. After this appeared Abaddon and the exterminator (1974) autobiographical more accused Court, with a narrative structure apparently fragmentary, and apocalyptic argument in which the evil powers governed the universe and resistance is futile.
Other works are: the other face of peronism, the Sabato case, torture and freedom of the press, open letter to general Aramburu (1956), at the crossroads of national culture (1976).
Committed to human rights and opponent of the military dictatorship that ruled Argentina between 1976 and 1983, despite the fact that in the first months of the coup he participated in a lunch with general Jorge Videla. He changed his mind to know the continuous murders and abuses of human rights which starring the dictatorship. After the dictatorship, he was commissioned by the first democratic President, the radical Raúl Alfonsín, to be part of the newly created National Commission on the disappearance of persons (CONADEP). The research team of the Commission collected testimony and documented 8.960 disappearances and 340 centres of illegal detention and torture. The report titled "Never again", but also simply known as Report Sabato, was delivered to Alfonsín on an unforgettable act for the vast majority of Argentines, on September 20, 1984, and gave rise to prosecution and sentencing of the most responsible for the military juntas of the dictatorship, who were sent to prison. Sabato was always opposed to laws of Punto Final and the subsequent pardons granted by the Peronist Carlos Menem.
In 1979, named Knight of the Legion of honour of France, and Cervantes Prize in Spain in 1984.
Ernesto Sábato died on April 30, 2011 at the age of 99 at his home in the outskirts of Buenos Aires, where they had been held for years as a result of their health problems. He was practically blind, what kept him removed on his Buenos Aires residence of Holy places. Due to his blindness, the author had been forced in recent years to abandon the reading and writing, and to fill their time with paint and other hobbies that practiced in their home.