Augusta Ada Byron - Ada Lovelace… John Broadus Watson… John Dewey… Charles Babbage… Biographies Multiposts
Biographies of famous and historical figures
Biographies of famous:
- Augusta Ada Byron Biography - Ada Lovelace
- Biography of John Broadus Watson
- Biography of John Dewey
- Biography of Charles Babbage
Augusta Ada Byron biography - Ada Lovelace
(1815/12/10 - 1852/11/27)
Augusta Ada Byron ADA Augusta Lovelace
Countess of Lovelace
English mathematics
He was born on December 10, 1815 in London, United Kingdom.
Daughter of the famous romantic poet Lord Byronand the mathematical Annabella Milbanke. Her parents separated when she was a year old.
Since very little had excellent teachers of mathematics, astronomy, literature and music.
At age 14 was paralyzed by what devoted many hours to reading and study.
As a young woman, known to the English scientist Charles Babbage and caused you such an impression, that since he thought to devote himself to mathematics.
At age 19 he married William King with whom he had three children.
In 1843, was a renowned mathematics although still signing his articles with his initials fearing to be written by a woman because they were rejected.
Its mechanical analytical machine allowed calculate any function algebraic and store numbers; the program was introduced into the machine using cards.
It was the first programmer in history. At the end of the 1970s, the Department of Defense developed the first software language as today know it, and to emulate it, remember your work and give him the credit he deserved, called it ADA.
At age 29 he became seriously ill. After many years of suffering, Augusta Ada Byron died in London on November 27, 18Byron kept an intense relationship to distance with his daughter and baptized with the name of Ada to many of the heroines of his poetic work. His body was buried next to his father he never knew.
Biography of John Broadus Watson
(1878/01/09 - 25/09/1958)
John B. Watson John Broadus Watson
American psychologist
Was born on January 9, 1878 in Greenville, South Carolina.
He studied at the universities of Chicago and Furman. It won the first title of doctor in psychology granted by the University of Chicago. Professor and director of the psychology laboratory of the Johns Hopkins University between 1908 and 1920.
In 1920 he left his academic career and devoted himself to writing essays about his vision of psychology; He also continued his research, especially with the observation of children. Recognized as the founder and main representative of Behaviorism, which reduced the psychology to the study of observable external behavior objectively and its explanation in terms of stimulus-response. He did not believe that object of Psychology study consciousness outside and explained the thinking as a "subvocal speech", i.e., that arises from the movements of the tongue and vocal cords.
In his work the behavior (1914), says: "give me a dozen healthy and well-educated children and my own world specific to raise them, and I guarantee that I will choose one at random and educaré it so that it becomes a specialist in any field that I choose (...), that are inclinations, skills, talent, purposes, or regardless of who are its ancestors".
His works include animal education (1903), conduct, an introduction to comparative psychology (1914), Behaviorism (1925) and psychological child care (1928).
John B. Watson died in New York on September 25, 1958.
Biography of John Dewey
(1859/10/20 - 1952/06/01)
John Dewey American psychologist and philosopher
"The reason and the law are synonymous"
John Dewey
He was born on October 20, 1859 in Burlington, Vermont, United States.
Graduated in arts at the University of Vermont in 1879, he received his doctorate in philosophy at Johns Hopkins University in 18He began his career at the University of Michigan, where he taught between the years 1884 and 18Later he was Professor at the universities of Minnesota, Chicago and Columbia from 1904 until his retirement as Professor Emeritus in 1931.
He studied the educational systems of Mexico, China, Turkey, Japan and the Soviet Union. During his residence in Chicago, was She interested in theory and practice reform educational. He contrasted his educational beginnings in the famous experimental laboratory school, named Dewey school, instituted in the University of Chicago in 1896.
He conceived of the school as a space of production and reflection of experiences of social life that allows the development of full citizenship. He argued that the offered by the educational system of his time not provided citizens a preparation for life in a democratic society.
The 'experimental method' of his pedagogy is based on individual skill, initiative and education of the spirit of enterprise at the expense of the acquisition of scientific knowledge. His writings influenced the profound changes experienced in the pedagogy of United States at the beginning of the 20th century.
As a philosopher, he emphasized the practical, striving to demonstrate how the philosophical ideas can act in the Affairs of everyday life. Its logical and philosophical approach was permanent, adapting to the needs and circumstances change. The process of thinking in its philosophy is a means of planning action and overcome the barriers between what is and what is projected.
Political activist, defended the progressive approaches, sometimes radical, international issues and economic problems. His abundant work shown in books such as psychology (1887), the school and society (1889), democracy and education (1916), reconstruction in philosophy (1920), human nature and conduct (1922), the quest for certainty (1929), art as experience (1934), logic: the theory of the question (1938) and problems of man (1946).
John Dewey died June 1, 1952, in New York.
Biography of Charles Babbage
(26/12/1792 - 1871/10/20)
Charles Babbage British mathematician and inventor
He was born on 26 December 1792 in Teignmouth, Devon.
He studied at the University of Cambridge. He joined the Royal Society in the year 1816 actively participating in the Foundation of the Analytical society, Royal Society of astronomy and Society of statistics.
In 1822, he built the first of their machines, which could Add numbers from six figures and, in 1823, designed a more elaborate machine which he called "differential machine", which was to be equipped with a printer. But to make the first model I needed money, 1,500 pounds sterling, which was provided by the Government, pledging to deliver the machine in two years. However, construction progressed very slowly and, at the end of the term in 1827, the machine was not yet completed and Babbage suffered a severe nervous crisis when he was accused of having arranged the funding from the Government for their own benefit. Despite this, more money was ahead of him and continued with his work until 1834, when the principal of his mechanics resigned and the invention was not completed. In 1991, British scientists according to drawings and specifications of Babbage, built that differential machine: the machine worked perfectly and made precise calculations with 31 digits, showing that its design was correct.
In the 1830s, he began the development of his analytical machine, which was designed to carry out more complicated calculations, although not was never built. He also made other inventions, such as the ophthalmoscope and the speedometer. In 1828 he published his tables of logarithms from 1 to the 108,000.
In 1830 appeared his book reflections on the decline of science in England, which was followed, in 1832, an economy of machinery and manufactures, and, in 1837, the ninth Bridgewater Treaty.
Charles Babbage died in London on October 20, 1871.