Friedrich Engels… Alec Guinness… Marine Le Pen… Guy de Maupassant… Biographies Multiposts
Encyclopedia of Biographies of famous and historical figures
Biographies online:
- Biography of Friedrich Engels
- Biography of Alec Guinness
- John Huston biography
- Biography of J-Ax
- Marine Le Pen biography
- Biography of Ettore Majorana
- Biography of Guy de Maupassant
- Marilyn Monroe biography
- Federica Pellegrini biography
- Annalisa Scarrone biography
- Biography of Monica Setta
Biography of Friedrich Engels
November 28, 1820
August 5, 1895
Friedrich Engels was born on November 28, 1820 in Barmen, Germany. His father, Friedrich Engels has cotton spinning mills, the mother is Elisabeth Franziska Mauritia van Haar. In 1837 Engels is withdrawn from high school, since the father follows the Pietist religious doctrine, contrary to social life and the spread of culture. Friedrich then starts working within the commercial Department of the father and the following year he works in Bremen in a firm owned by the Consul Heinrich Leupold, which deals with exports. In these years he began to engage in politics in particular, adhering to the Hegelian left current.
During his stay in Bremen also became passionate about music, writes poems and devoted himself to reading. It is precisely in Bremen that he made his first work, "the Bedouins", in which he praises Schiller and makes a critical analysis of August von Kotzebue. After this, he draws up an article, published in Telegraph für Deutschland ", entitled" letters from Wuppertal "; This text describes the living conditions of the workers working in factories in this region, who are forced to perform their duties by breathing the steam emitted from coal and dust wafting in the air.
In the article a harsh criticism to the owners of the factories employing child labor work within their facilities. Engels believed the use of minors in a real form of exploitation, since owners of these give children wages lower than those which are given to adults.
Continues to work with the Telegraph für Deutschland, writing other articles that tell the workers ' living conditions in German factories. An article always writes for the German newspaper is one in which describes the German war of liberation of 1813 against Napoleon Bonaparte. Engels to Napoleon recognizes the merit of having administered well the Germany under his domination, carrying out of the measures are very important for the country: the adoption of the new civil code, the emancipation of the Jews.
In 1841 plays in Berlin, enjoying military service at war strategies. In this period he writes new articles in which both the critique Hegel's political thought is the philosophy of Schelling. Claims that Hegel starts from progressive political considerations then come the development of conservative principles, while on the philosophy of Schelling's revelation asserts that the German philosopher philosophical principles concerning processes the dogma and mysticism.
The following year ends the military and moved to England, in Manchester, to work in the firm Ermen & Engels whose father is co-owner. During his stay in English can see the difficult living conditions of the workers who are very poor. In Manchester, Friedrich Engels living with an Irish worker, Mary Burns, he met the owner of the newspaper "The Northern Star", Julian Harney and began a collaboration with the newspaper "The New Moral World" by Robert Owen.
In 1844, during his return trip to Germany, he met Karl Marx in Paris with which will tighten a great friendship. For three years traveling between Paris and Brussels, working clandestinely in the League of Communists. In these years a new book, "Die Lage der arbeitenden Klasse in England", where it is said the condition of the English working class during the industrial revolution and draw up together with his friend Karl Marx's "the Communist Manifesto"; This is without any doubt one of the most important works of his political career.
In the "Manifesto", made on Commission of the League of Communists, the two philosophers describe the history up to their days as a class struggle, in which to Excel is the middle class, defined as a revolutionary managed to drive the industrial revolution.
The bourgeoisie but to ensure the development of the industrial revolution, has exploited the working class, called the proletariat. With its dialectical skill then in turn the proletariat has defeated the bourgeoisie. The authors then in the famous work want to demonstrate how the story is a class struggle. The only way to end this class struggle then will be overcome by the proletarian class of capitalist production model. This can only be exceeded if the proletariat organizes a revolution that will allow him to take matters into his hands on political power.
At this point there will be a transitional phase in which, with the tools provided by the State, you can create a new social model. After the transition phase and then by the proletarian State bourgeois. In recent years, along with Marx, he also wrote other works such as "the Holy Family" and "the German ideology".
In 1848 Engels back in Germany, settling in the city of Cologne where together with Marx directs "The Rhenish Gazette". In Europe begin a series of revolts aimed at the fall of the assolutistici regimes. Revolutionary ideologies spread even in Germany, where the revolutionary movements. Fearing that the German revolt is suppressed with weapons as had happened in Paris and other European capitals, Engels founded the "Committee of public safety".
Unfortunately even the revolt in Germany is harshly repressed by the Prussian army. Cologne is in State of siege and the freedom of the press is suppressed with many socialist leaders are arrested. Engels is forced to flee Germany, sheltering in Brussels from which is expelled and then in Switzerland, in Bern. The city participates in the Swiss labour Congress. The following year he returned to Cologne, where he is on trial along with Marx on charges of subversion. After being acquitted, returns to direction of Cologne's Journal, which was suspended during the uprisings.
When they resume the Rhenish area Engels and Marx the lean, trying in vain to arrange new throughout German territory, but no success. With the failure of the European revolutions, Engels settled for the rest of his life in Britain, while Marx in France. In 1864 the two founded the International Workers Association, known as the "first international", which dissolved in 1872.
In 1883 Karl Marx and Engels dies continues its political activities, serving as Director and Manager of the most important European Socialist movements. In 1885 ends the second volume of "capital" written with Marx's friend and in 1889 he wrote an essay on Fauerbach and the book "Dialektik der Natur". The following year he participated in the Foundation of the "second international" in Paris where you decide that 1 may will be the labour day. Some years later, on the anniversary of the Paris Commune, processes the preface to the book "the civil war in France" written by Karl Marx.
After participating in the International Congress in Brussels in 1891 and the Zurich Congress held two years later, he suffered a cancer of the esophagus. Friedrich Engels died on August 5, 1895 in London, at the age of seventy-four years.
Biography of Alec Guinness
April 2, 1914
August 5, 2000
Sir Alec Guinness, one of the most versatile actors both on the theatre stages both on the screen, was born in London on April 2, 19Despite being discouraged from attending classes at the school theatre by his teacher at Pembroke College Lodge, his Messenger's role in "Macbeth" performed at Roborough school in Eastbourne, rekindles his passion for acting.
After graduating in 1932, he worked for an advertising agency in London. Fay Compton Studio comes to of Dramatic Art in 1933, which assigns him a bag you will study. Find tedious and leaves the school after seven months.
In 1934 Alec gets three small parts in a melodramatic company called "Queer Cargo". Then recite hamlet in major productions.
Before joining the Navy in 1941 arrives to play roles in 34 23 different representations.
Decides to try and film career in 1946 launched by Director David Lean, which will take him later in the films "the memorable bridge on the River Kwai," "Lawrence of Arabia" and "Doctor Zhivago".
It is stated as a chameleonic actor able to retire in different roles. One of his most important and famous is that, in 1957, Colonel Nicholson in the film "the bridge on the River Kwai", for which she won an Oscar in 19It's the same year the Oscar nomination for the movie "the mouth of truth".
His successes won him the title of Sir, conferred in 1958 by Queen Elizabeth.
Guinness does not affect for its beauty, because it is a sex-symbol, is simply a great eclectic and stylish actor, English style, phlegmatic and confident; After the great success on screen, Guinness does not abandon the theatre.
Remains in the history of cinema, the iconic and unforgettable interpretation of the character Obi-WAN Kenobi in George Lucas's "Star Wars" (1977), "the Empire strikes back" (1980) and return of the Jedi "(1983).
During these years, in 1980, also receives an honorary Oscar.
After six decades of career, disappears on August 5, 2000 at the age of 86 years, the King Edward VII hospital, in Wales.
John Huston biography
August 5, 1906
August 28, 1987
Of Irish and Scottish ancestry, John was born on August 5, 1906 Houghston in Nevada, Missouri, son of journalist Rhea Gore and actor Walter Houghston, young balanced between hydroelectric engineer and actor craft for which changes the name to Huston.
Repeatedly compared to Ernest Hemingway because of its tendency to wandering no less professional than in private life, John Huston was Boxer, career soldier, journalist, man of the theatre, screenwriter and documentary filmmaker. Never as in this case it is appropriate to speak of character: his life as a film director, writer, intellectual went hand in hand with adventure, of which he was always thirsty. But Huston remains one of the most sensitive and introspective film directors in Hollywood: just think of the final outcome of his career, that "The Dead", drawn from the stories of James Joyce, represents one of the highest points of film art.
Before entering the world of celluloid John Huston had dedicated 30 years to both the theater to fiction, writing scripts and screenplays for Warner Bros. He made his debut behind the camera in 1942 with "the Maltese Falcon", a detective shot with great economy, but considerable popular success with critics and audiences. It's the beginning of a prolific and active (won the Oscar in 1948 for the Director of "the treasure of the Sierra Madre") spanning more than forty years, which sees more than that even Director Huston actor-many films directed by other filmmakers ("Chinatown", 1974, by Roman Polanski, "the wind and the lion", 1975, by John Milius).
Opponent of McCarthyism and embittered by his impact on American cinema, poured his attention on subjects less related to current events and issues of his country: hence the setting African films such as "the African Queen" (1952, starring Humphrey Bogart and Katharine Hepburn) in "the treasure of Africa" (1954), "the roots of heaven" (1959) and "Moulin Rouge" (1953), "Moby Dick" (1956 with Gregory Peck and Orson Welles) and "secret passions-Freud" (1962).
The Huston film genres in respect of treaties is eclectic as he is: from documentary ("The battle of San Pietro", 1945), drama ("the asphalt jungle 1950", and "fat city", 1972), western ("the Unforgiven", 1960), the film historian ("Independence", 1976) to "escape to victory" (1981, with Sylvester Stallone and Pele ') and even to musicals ("Annie", 1982). In that enormous peplum that is "the Bible" (1966), then you crop a role: that of Noah.
Then Hustona made in Mexico a movie fraught with tension and atmosphere as "under the volcano" (1984), awarded at Cannes with a "special gift". He also directed "Prizzi's honor" (1985, with Kathleen Turner and Jack Nicholson) and the aforementioned touching homage to James Joyce's "The Dead" (1987). In both did debut the daughter taking her to an Oscar.
John Huston died on August 28, 1987, a few days after the presentation of his latest film at the Venice Film Festival.
Biography of J-Ax
Rap singer but also a songwriter, J-Ax, is the real name Alessandro Aleotti, born on August 5, 1972 in Milan. As a child engages in freestyle and write rap lyrics, choosing the pseudonym J-Ax (derived from the J of Joker, the name of his favorite villain character, and to and from X by Alex).
In 1992 he collaborated to the realization of the spot of the Fiat Uno Rap Up, and with Article 31, the Group's singer, publishes the single "it's Christmas (but I'm in)", followed by the next year the album "city streets" (which gets some success thanks to Radio Deejay, where he works, a great friend of Albertino Alessandro). In 1994 the Article 31 shall publish the album "vespiri mass", within which there is "Ohi Maria", a song dedicated to marijuana that WINS "disco per l'estate".
After creating the crew for hip hop singers milanesi Spaghetti Funk along with the writer Raptuz TDK and the Space One rapper 1996 J Ax Articolo 31 and record the disk "as is", which precedes the tour "as we" also attended by Francesco Guccini, Tosca and Lucio Dalla. The album sold over 600,000 copies, assuring the group even six Platinum albums.
The 1998 is the year of the song "girlfriend" (single that contains a sampling of Natalino Otto) and her new album "None", but above all the victory of the Mtv Europe Music Awards as Best Italian Act. After writing the book "nobody's thoughts", Alessandro gives birth in 1999 to "Why yes!", latest work hip hop articles 31, he also MC Kurtis Blow; the following year, was released "Greatest Hits collection (article 31), which contains the unpublished" So hold me "and" Volume. Also in 2000, J-Ax and DJ Jad (the other Article frontman) Act as protagonists in the movie "no filter".
After singing in "part 2" together with 883 Max Pezzali, Abad decides to make a change to pop-rock Article 31, as evidenced by the album "greatest hits" of 20In 2003 the album was "Italian", which contains the song "my girlfriend mena". Meanwhile, J-Ax writes the English version of the song "Fuck it (I don't want you back)" by Eamon, entitled "only".
After the release of the DVD "the reconquest of the forum", in 2006 Alexander stands apart from Article 31, which dissolve, and embarks on a solo career: releases the album "sana" plant, advanced by the single "S.N.O.B.", while the other hit singles include "I love you or I will kill you", "forever" and "Aqua in scquola". Meanwhile, he collaborates with Marracash, Jake La Furia, Gué Pequeno, Space One and Chief for "S.N.O.B. Reloaded".
In 2007 the milanese singer married Elaina Coker, American model, and meets with DJ Jad for the Mtv Day staged in Milan; also collaborates with Cry, Thema, THG and Space to record the song "fuck friends". In 2008 appears in the single "Badabum Cha Cha" from Madden, as well as on the track "Wow factor" in which he raps with Gué Pequeno; In addition, he wrote the soundtrack for the movie (unsuccessful) "Ti stramo", which also includes the song "making out" at the multiplex.
In J-Ax 2009 publishes the album "Rap 'n' roll", preceded by the single "I vecchietti fanno or" (a parody of "I bambini fanno Oh" Povia), which includes duets with Irene of Viboras, Gué Pequeno and Space One. Shortly after, the Milanese rapper collaborates in the realization of "Electric Jam" disc of Pino Daniele with whom she sings in "Il sole dentro me" and "bitter Years". After having participated, with Marracash, vibrations and Giusy Ferreri, the MTV "up to us" that wants to support three legislative proposals written by students in relation to school, singing a few verses of the song "Domani 21/04.09" within the project "Salviamo L'arte in Abruzzo", in support of the earthquake Aquila.
Following the "Deca Dance", where there are collaborations with Marracash, Jovanotti, Cry and Pino Daniele. In 2010 J-Ax presents "Trl Awards", where she performed together with Neffa, giving rise to Two of Spades: a project that gives rise to the single "Face as the heart" and the album "c'eravamo tanto odiati" (reference to relationships between the two singers idyllic until some time before).
In 2011, has "Hit List" on Mtv Italy, acting as veejay alongside Valentina Correani, and takes part in a special "Che tempo che fa" dedicated to Enzo Jannacci. In December 2013, it made official the news that J-Ax will be one of coach musical talent show "The Voice", broadcast on BBC two the following year.
Marine Le Pen biography
Marine Le Pen was born on 5 August 1968 at Neuilly-sur-Seine, last of three daughters of Jean-Marie Le Pen, politician of Britain and former paratrooper, and Pierrette. Must deal with during childhood teasing of his classmates, tagging his father as fascist. In 1976, navies and the rest of the family (mom, dad and two sisters, Yann and Marie Caroline) survive a bombing: a bomb addressed to father explodes out of the apartment they live in, causing a hole in the wall of the building. Nor Marine, who is eight years old, nor his family members, however, are injured.
After graduating from the liceo "Florent Schmitt" at Saint-Cloud, overcomes her parents divorced in 1987, and enrolled at the Panthéon-Assas University, where he studied law. She graduated in law in 1991, the year gets a Dea in criminal law. After receiving the certificate of lawyer (Capa) becomes apprentice in Paris.
He worked as a lawyer for six years between 1992 and 1998: the port used, among other things, to legally represent immigrants. In 1995, Franck Chauffroy, wedding manager who works for the National Front, the political party of which his father is a leader (the two have three children: Jehanne, Louis and Mathilde). In the late 1990s, Marine Le Pen decides to follow in his father's footsteps by engaging actively in the Front National.
On 15 March 1998 becomes regional councillor of Nord-Pas-de-Calais for the Fn, while two years later was appointed President of Generations Le Pen ", an institution close to the Front National values that intends to spread among young people the thought of Le Pen. Meanwhile, divorces by Franck and starts dating Eric Larsen, former National Secretary of the party.
In 2003, Marine becomes face Vice-President, before leaving the Regional Council of Nord-Pas-de-Calais and apply next year-as President of the Ile-de-France region: conquering the 12.3% of the vote, gets the post of regional adviser.
Following the European elections of 2004, becomes euro-parliamentarian in Strasbourg in Ile-de-France. In 2007 organizes and manages his father's campaign for the presidential elections in France; After becoming a municipal councillor of Hénin-Beaumont, she was elected again in 2009 euro-mp, this time in the North West constituency. During the same period, upon approval of the popular initiative in Switzerland to ban the construction of new minarets, sided in favor of the Swiss people, stigmatising contempt for direct democracy expressed by a "ruling elite".
On the Privacy front, on the other hand, begins a relationship with Louis Aliot, 2005 General Secretary of the Front National, which goes to live in Hénin-Beaumont. In 2010, French regional elections contributes to the Chairman of the Nord-Pas-de-Calais: the first round is chosen from 18.31% of voters, while the second round gets the 22.20% of the vote.
It was during this period that Jean-Marie begins to talk about a possible passing of the baton between father and daughter driving the Front National. Marine Le Pen thus began a four-month campaign to win the party leadership, which leads her to organize and attend meetings with members and sympathizers of the party in 51 departments, to explain in detail his political vision and his projects.
During this campaign, ends up being targeted by journalists because of a statement deemed offensive against members of the Muslim religion: during a speech to members of the party in Lyon on 10 December 2010, claims that the blockade of the streets and public squares in many cities of France (including rue Myrha in Paris's 18th arrondissement) to encourage prayers of Muslims is illegal and comparable to an occupation of the French territory. It is, in particular, a comparison with World War II (and the reference to the occupation by the Germans in May 1940 onwards) to arouse the indignation of the media and political opponents: analysts comment on Marine declarations immediately and, as the imam of the Grand Mosque of Paris Dalil Boubakeur condemned the comparison of Le Pen, Louis Aliot, Member of the Executive Committee of the National Front , denounces the attempt at manipulation of public opinion.
In spite of the controversy, however, Marine Le Pen January 16, 2011 is officially elected Chairman of the party by tapping the 68% of the vote and defeating his adversary Bruno Gollnisch. During his inauguration speech, refers to the need to restore the political scenario of a national community and create a direct democracy that links the civic responsibility of individuals to society. Marine, also is opposed to the "Europe of Brussels" in every part requires destructive principles of ultra liberalism and free trade at the expense of public employment and social equity.
In April its geopolitical positions are greeted with great favor by Russian news agency Ria Novosti: Marine States that, in case of future presidential victory will leave the France by Nato and will undertake a privileged collaboration with Russia, advocating the importance of a strategic partnership for the interests of energy independence in Paris as well as for reasons of cultural commonality.
The first official rally Le Pen the National Front leader is staged on 1 May 2011 after the traditional March of Paris, in front of 3,000 people. The following year the policy of Neuilly-sur-Seine is a candidate in the presidential elections scheduled for 22 April 2012: the first round is in third place, with nearly 18% of the vote, behind Socialist Hollande, who will become President, and the Gaullist Sarkozy, outgoing President. This is the best result ever achieved by the Front National in electing the President of the Republic.
In the same year, however, Marine Le Pen is being investigated by the Prosecutor in Lyon on the grounds of incitement to violence, discrimination or hatred towards a group of people because of their religion. The November 26, 2012 the French Ministry of Justice presents the request to revoke the parliamentary immunity Le Pen, as the facts that are allocated are not related directly or with the exercise of the European Parliament: the European Parliament accepts the request in July 2013.
European elections late may 2014, Marine Le Pen's Party wins, getting an unexpected result of the Fn (National Front) the first party in the country, with more than 25% of the vote.
Biography of Ettore Majorana
August 5, 1905
Death year: 1938
Ettore Majorana, born on August 5, 1905 and graduated in Physics in 1928, he was one of the most promising students of Enrico Fermi.
His name became a case because of his sudden death, which occurred in 19His disappearance had become interested even Mussolini and the event became a national Riddle today acnora unsolved.
The hypotheses were many: who said that suicide had died, who was advancing the fanciful hypothesis that he was kidnapped by some countries that conducted Atomic studies; others believed that he had taken refuge in a convent or that it was even, voluntarily, become a beggar. Of course, from the point of view was a family tragedy. The mother he always refused to wear clothes, mournful waiting for his return.
From schiatta of Majorana-Calatabiano, hers was a distinguished family, descended from a cadet branch of the Majorana della Nicchiara; with poetic metaphor it could be said that the latter were the noble coat of arms and wealth and land before all goods and precious local intelligence.
Ettore is the last of five brothers who all stand out in any particular field, who in law, who in the administration of the State, who even in physics.
Ettore Majorana is undoubtedly the outsider of the group, a true genius of physics. Extremely early but also quirky and disturbing character imbalances that will play a decisive role in his escape from the world (assuming it was escape). Ettore is pervaded by Misanthropy rooted and it is also perpetually skittish, lazy and edgy character.
Even his college career is not entirely linear. After a first approach to engineering, he graduated in Physics in 1929 with a thesis on the quantum theory of radioactive nuclei.
Under the guidance of Enrico Fermi deals with Atomic Spectroscopy and nuclear physics.
With Orso Mario Corbino, Emilio Segré and Edoardo Amaldi joins the Group of the "via Panisperna boys", a group of genes that made the history of Italian physics.
The most important research of Ettore Majorana relate to a theory on the forces that ensure stability to the atomic nucleus: he first advanced the hypothesis that protons and neutrons, only components of the atomic nucleus, interact through forces.
The theory is however note with the name of the German physicist Werner Heisenberg arrived independently at the same results and gave them to the press before Majorana.
In the field of elementary particles Majorana formulated a theory that suggested the existence of particles with arbitrary spin, experimentally discovered until many years later.
By 1931, conosciutosi its unique value as a scientist, he was invited to move to Russia, in Cambridge, Yale, Carnegie Foundation, but in these invitations opposed her refusal.
After staying in Leipzig and Copenhagen, he returned to Rome, but most do not attend the Institute of physics. At the national competition for university physics professor, in 1936, does not want to participate, despite the reporting done by Fermi to Mussolini. He moved from Rome to Naples (Hotel "Bologna") in 1937, where he accepts the nomination for special merits to Professor of theoretical physics at the University of Naples. Closes at home and refuses even the mail, writing in his own hand on the envelope: "It rejects to recipient's death".
Ettore Majorana you leave persuade to take-is the month of March 1938-a journey of relaxation, Naples-Palermo. In Palermo houses in "Sun," but I only spent half a day; the evening is seen on the deck of the steamer up to Capri, Naples will never come.
The Commission of inquiry investigations that discards the hypothesis that Mjorana has launched at sea, advancing instead the assumption that moved secretly abroad.
One of his closest confidantes Ettore Majorana said: "I condemn because you don't know how much I suffer."
Biography of Guy de Maupassant
August 5, 1850
July 6, 1893
Henry-Rene-Albert-Guy de Maupassant was born at the Château de Miromesnil, near Dieppe (France) on August 5, 1850.
Remembered as one of the founders of the modern short story, Maupassant was strongly influenced by Zola and Flaubert, and by the philosophy of Schopenhauer. His stories as his novels have a broad denunciation of bourgeois society of his stupidity, his greed and cruelty. Men are often described as real animals and love for them is reduced to a purely physical function. This strong pessimism pervades the work of Maupassant.
His novels are characterised by short and concise style and for the ingenious way in which individual themes are developed. Some of his short stories are also in the horror genre.
The Maupassant family was originally from Lorraine but had moved to Normandy in the mid-19th century. In 1846 his father Laure le Pottevin bride, a young woman belonging to the upper middle class. Laure, along with his brother Alfred was Playmate of Gustave Flaubert, the son of Surgeon of Rouen, which as said will exert a powerful influence in the life of Maupassant. His mother was a woman with a particular literary talent, passion for the classics, especially Shakespeare. She separated from her husband, takes care of his two sons, Guy and younger brother Hervé.
Guy lives with his mother at Étretat until the age of thirteen; their dwelling house is the Villa des Verguies, where between the sea and lush hinterland, Guy grew up enjoying the nature and outdoor sports.
Guy later studied at the seminary in Yvetot, place from where will do anything to get himself expelled. Develop a strong hostility toward religion. Subsequently enrolled in the Lycée du Rouen where it excels for his literary accomplishments; in these years he devoted himself to poetry and takes part in some dramatic sculptures representations.
After graduating in 1870, the franco-Prussian War and decides to enlist as a volunteer. Fights with honor and after the war, in 1871, he left Normandy for travel to Paris. Here he spent ten years working as a clerk in the Navy Department. After a long and boring time, Gustave Flaubert, Guy de Maupassant takes under his protection, accompanying him on his debut in journalism and literature.
At Flaubert's home he met the Russian novelist Ivan Turgenev and Frenchman Émile Zola, as well as many other protagonists of the realist and naturalist schools. Maupassant began writing verses interesting and short operettas.
In 1878 he was transferred to the Ministry of education, becoming a contributing editor of several leading newspapers such as Le Figaro, Gil Blas, Le Gaulois and L'echo de Paris. The writing novels and short stories takes place only in his spare time.
In 1880 Maupassant published his first masterpiece, "Boule de Suif", which is an instant and tremendous success. Flaubert describes him as "a masterpiece that will last over time". His first story makes it famous: so galvanized works methodically coming to write two to four volumes per year. The period from 1880 to 1891 is characterized by an intense work. Maupassant combines talent and practical business sense, qualities that will ensure the health and wealth.
In 1881 he published "La Maison Tellier", his first volume of short stories: within two years of the volume will come to count twelve editions.
In 1883 ends the novel "Une vie", selling 25,000 copies in less than a year. The second novel "Bel-Ami" appears in 1885 and reaches the extraordinary number of reprints 37 in four months. The Publisher "Harvard" commissions Maupassnt new novels. These without major efforts, writes of interesting texts from a stylistic point of view and descriptive, and extremely deep from the point of view of content. In this period he wrote "Pierre et Jean", considered by many to be his masterpiece.
Maupassant Felt a sort of natural aversion towards society and for this reason he loved solitude and meditation. He travels a lot, sailing with his private yacht "Bel Ami"-named in honor of his novel-between Algeria, Italy, Great Britain, Sicily and Auvergne. From each of her travels back a new volume.
After the 1889 there are very few times that he returns to Paris. In a letter to a friend confided that this was due to the annoyance he felt at seeing the Eiffel Tower, recently inaugurated no coincidence was, along with many other French cultural personalities of the time, one of the signers of the petition with which you asked to suspend construction.
The several journeys and literary activities do not prevent Maupassant to forge friendships with important literary figures of the time: among these especially include Alexandre Dumas Fils and the philosopher and historian Hippolyte Taine.
During the years that made the success of works by Maupassant, Flaubert will continue to behave as a godfather, a kind of literary Guide.
Despite a seemingly robust Constitution, health deteriorates and even the sanity of Maupassant is in crisis. It is almost certain that the cause of evils is attributed to syphilis, inherited from his father or perhaps transmitted by the report with some had occasional prostitute.
Hallucinatory States frequently accompany the constant fear of death. After yet another suicide attempt, the writer is interned in the clinic of Dr. Blanche at Passy.
After eighteen months of raging madness, Guy de Maupassant died on July 6, 1893 at the age of 43 years. He is buried in Montparnasse cemetery, in Paris.
Marilyn Monroe biography
June 1, 1926
August 5, 1962
Marilyn Monroe was born on June 1, 1926 at 9.30 at the General Hospital in Los Angeles as Norma Jeane Baker Mortenson. The mother is a woman with severe mental disorders, which make frequent admissions to a psychiatric hospital.
The small yet not Marilyn, spends a very troubled childhood. Of course mother's conditions did not allow the latter to take care of the little girl, forced instead to undergo continuous lines of credit to families, if not unknown to be "filed" at various orphanages. In this situation of substantial emotional isolation, Marilyn search secure a foothold, a certainty and a guide, desire that leads her to marry just sixteen years with the 21-year-old James Dougherty. The link is clearly premature and indeed shortly thereafter the two get separated and the marriage fails.
Before this unfortunate incident should not happen again several things. One of these relates to his shy entry into the world of print. Everything happens by chance and in a place that you would never expect. In fact, at that time he had found a job at an aircraft industry that produces parachutes when the photographer David Conover, committed to documenting women's work during World War II, the note and convinces her to pursue a modeling career and enroll in a specialized school. Must decide quickly and in complete solitude since her husband was at that time in the Navy and was a long way from home. As we all know, Marilyn accepts the work that will change the fate.
Since then, under the guidance of another photographer, André de Denes, magazine covers conquest, until she was noticed by Fox and opening the doors to Hollywood. Twenty years later, in 1946, divorced, lightens the hair and changed its name to Marilyn Monroe (Monroe's mother's maiden name): the radical metamorphosis will become perhaps the sex-symbol of the 20° century.
His acting career began with parts from appearance ("Ladies of the chorus" of 1949, "LoveHappy" always of 1949 with the Marx Brothers, etc.), then small but significant conquest, parts that throw themselves into the firmament of cinema: in 1950 in "the asphalt jungle" and "all about Eve", in 1952 with Cary Grant and Ginger Rogers in "Monkeys", and more.
In 1952 she got her first starring role, as a mentally unstable babysitter in "your mouth Burns" and in ' 53 with "Niagara", starring Joseph Cotten, gets the global success.
In 1953 still turns "how to marry a millionaire" and "gentlemen prefer blondes" with which confirms one of the most loved by the public. Following resounding successes such as "the magnificent" prey of 1954 and "itch" in which Billy Wilder entrusted part of the ditzy tenant upstairs.
In 1954 Marilyn married the famous baseball player, Joe DiMaggio, which get divorced within a year. The failure of this report also leaves them in a deep wound and indelible, the first in a series that will be allocated to widen more and more his feeling of despair and loneliness of. After parting with Joe DiMaggio, champion moved to New York to study at the Actor's Studio, a commitment which seems to regenerate and make them momentarily forget his inner anguish.
Knows the playwright, Arthur Miller, a fascinating intellectual who could boast the representation of his plays around the world (including the famous "A Streetcar Named desire, Tennessee Williams's original text). It's the first sight. Marilyn has the illusion that he had finally found the man of her life, and they were married in 19The following year he founded, with his friend the photographer Milton Green, his film production company, Marilyn Monroe Productions, with which "the Prince and the Showgirl" opposite Laurence Olivier. It is the first and only film of his production company, since the film is a real fiasco. As an actress, however, raised two years later with the hilarious comedy, genius Billy Wilder, "some like it hot". Again, the character she played you print indelibly in the minds of viewers.
The relationship with Miller, however, is being challenged. The temptation, then, are around the corner. In this case, the new flame of passion is called Yves Montand in 1960 runs "make love". Their romance is short, intense and especially fiery matter of gossip and rumors. In 1962 Marilyn receives the Golden Globe Award for best actress: is the world confirmation of its capabilities, a mixture of charisma and appeal. In this period, inter alia, izia the secret relationship with United States President John F. Kennedy and his brother Robert.
But the emotional instability of the diva gets serious, perhaps precisely because of the unstable love stories in which it flows. Someone has also advanced the hypothesis that Marilyn for her inability to have children or the lack of a true love. Tired of being considered a goddess, desired to be treated simply as a woman in need of affection. The consequence of this tormented psychic state is that takes refuge in alcohol and barbiturates. In short, the situation is worsening: enters and exits from clinics.
In 1962 he released his latest movie, "the misfits" written for her by her husband Miller divorced the same year. Because of the constant delays, the continuing hysterical, hangovers and the unreliability is fired from the set of the film "Something got to give", and a month later, on the night between 4 and August 5, 1962, is found dead, apparently a suicide, in her home of an overdose of barbiturates, although many items have always supported the hypothesis of murder. The mystery about his death, I mean, it was never fully revealed, but it has certainly helped to get Marilyn in the myth.
In the will that Marilyn had drafted as a preventive measure we read that the actress had left his heritage (a couple of million dollars) to the school Lee Strasberg's acting, his psychoanalyst and care for his sick mother. She is buried at Westwood Memorial Park in Los Angeles. So to understand how his legend is still alive and well let's just say that in 1999 Christie's auction sold for a million dollars the famous flesh-colored dress with whom Marilyn sang the birthday song to President John F. Kennedy.
Federica Pellegrini biography
August 5, 1988
Federica Pellegrini was born in Mirano (Venice) on August 5, 19Begin to swim in 1995 and after early successes under the leadership of Max Of Myth to Venice Mestre, swimming passes to DDS in Settimo Milanese, Milan moving from Spinea (VE), the country where she grew up with his family. In the course of 2004, despite its sixteen years, emerging at national level so as to be inserted in the Olympic team that will fly to Athens.
2004 Olympic Games he won a silver medal in the 200 meter freestyle: this is the return on a swimmer's Olympic podium after 32 years; the last before she was Novella Calligaris. In the semi-finals of the same competition, Federica Pellegrini achieves the fastest time of the competition, surpassing even the previous national record. Thus becomes the youngest English athlete to get on an individual Olympic podium. Also competes in Athens in the 100 m freestyle, but only tenth arrives, without reaching the final.
Swimming World Championships in Montreal (Canada) 2005, repeats the same result of Athens, achieving second place in the 200 freestyle. While the Medal of Athens was an extraordinary success for all, this new result gives her a great disappointment for not being able to win. On this occasion it comes out all the combative nature of Federica, perfectionist and extremely competitive, which will continue on his way with even more grit.
In 2006 it's time Europeans in Budapest (Hungary), but the athlete comes in a State of precarious shape because of a shoulder problem. The only race of the 200 freestyle but stops at batteries.
After Europeans Hungarians decided to change coach: Massimiliano Myth goes to Alberto Castagnetti, coach of the national team and head coach of the Federal Center of Verona. Registered for the Circolo Canottieri Aniene Rome, lives and trains in Verona, at the Federal Center.
Here comes the day of redemption: the Federica with Italian team flying in Australia Melbourne World Championships 20The March 24 sets record in 400 freestyle in Italian. Three days later, gets the world record in the semifinals of the 200 freestyle, beaten but less than 24 hours after the French Laure Manaudou in the final third.
Full of contradictions, dreams and desires, as are the girls of her age, she wrote a book (together with Federico Taddia) which is a little a little diary record of his days, which reveals its secrets, recounts his dreams and explains his vision of life. The book was released in 2007 called "Mom, can I get the piercing?".
Also very active in social Federica Pellegrini ADMO testimonial and Ambassador in projects involving issues related to eating disorders.
With the Italian swimmer Luca Marin (his former partner is France's Manaudou), in 2008 the appointment is with the Beijing Olympics. But first there are Europeans who take place in Eindhoven (the Netherlands): here after the deep disappointment for his disqualification from race Queen, the 200 freestyle, Federica fully recovers to win a silver and a bronze in two relays and 4 x 200 freestyle relay, respectively. Author of a great performance in the 400 freestyle, Federica exits the competition with especially the gold and the world record.
Flying to Beijing for the Olympics, celebrates twenty years of age a few days before the start of the games. The August 11 in 400 freestyle competition ends only fifth in qualifying, although he did record the new Olympic record; in the afternoon of the same day achieves world record in 200 freestyle qualifying. On 13 August the 200 Gold Medal with a new world record.
At the end of the year he participated at the European Championships in short course (25 metres) in Rijeka (Croatia), where he won gold in the 200 freestyle by grinding the previous world record.
In the women's day, March 8, 2009, absolute Italian Championships in Riccione is stop the clock at 1 ' 54 ' 47, shattering his own world record. At the end of June open in Pescara Mediterranean Games: Federica surprised herself by winning gold and world record in the 400 freestyle.
There comes a time of flat world: Rome Championships 2009 in 400 freestyle wins gold and sets world record in 3 ' 59 "15: Federica Pellegrini is the first woman in the history of swimming to swim this distance in less than 4 minutes; a few days later he won another gold shatters another record, that of the 200 freestyle.
The 2010 European Championships in Budapest won a gold in the 200 freestyle.
The relationship with Mr Marin ends in 2011, when other gold medals come in an extraordinary way: are the World Swimming Championships in Shanghai (China); Federica WINS in the 200 and 400 freestyle: makes history by being the first swimmer to repeat in the 400 and 200 in two consecutive World Cup sl.
After a love affair with the Italian Filippo Magnini and after a disappointing experience at the London Olympics 2012-disappointing however the blue team that since 1984 for the first time back home without medals-back on the podium at the World Championships in Barcelona 2013, winning the silver medal behind American Missy Franklin.
Comes back to win the 200 m freestyle when in mid-December, 2013 in Denmark, arrives first in front of the French Charlotte Bonnet and Russian Veronika Popova-at the European short course Championships in Herning. Europeans Berlin 2014 takes an enterprise in the last stage of 4 x 200 freestyle relay which brings Italy to win the gold. A few days later gets the gold medal in the 200 freestyle.
In August 2015 takes part in the World Swimming Championships in Kazan, Russia: on the day that celebrates 27 years gets a silver in "his" distance of 200 m freestyle (behind Katie Ledecky phenomenon); the remarkable thing, however, resides in the fact that the same medal in the same competition, comes 10 years after his first. No swimmer has ever managed to get to the podium in the 200 mt sl for six consecutive World Championships.
Annalisa Scarrone biography
Annalisa Scarrone, known as Michael, was born on 5 August 1985 in Savona. Since little canta in different courses and studied classical guitar. Having ventured in learning of vocal technique and musical from thirteen years of age, is dedicated to the flute and the piano. He performed with several local groups backing vocals or solo singer since 2000, not forgetting the participation in orchestral choirs.
Between 2001 and 2003, moreover, puts his passion for writing, participating Prize dedicated to Gabriella Richeri Mazzarelli "Liguria" entries, the "sincerity" of Biella and the award dedicated to the theme of the station organized by Associazione Nazionale Ex Deportati, allowing it to win a study trip in the Nazi deportation.
Singer during the show "lights in the room" set up by the group "a view from the stage", takes part in a seminar on the interpretation given by Carl Anderson singing in Loano. During this period, he began his collaboration with Dino Cerruti, bass player and bass player, with whom he recorded the songs "shadows", "From des moines" and "The dry cleaner".
After Bruni Orchestra in Cuneo from 2004 to 2006, he published the album "Blue" together with dj Charles Polliano, using the name Elaphe Guttata. The author of the lyrics, the dj also publishes other pieces that join foreign compilation lounge music. Meanwhile, Annalisa participates in Arezzo Wave and became a leader and author of the Malvasia, Savona band that soon after changed its name to, and which leNoire melts in the winter of 20Through the project, Raphael & Eazy Skankers, she still collaborates with some Ligurian band members later took part in the album "Changes" in the song "Yes we can".
The 2010 is the year of change: joins competitors of the tenth edition of the program "friends" (di Maria De Filippi), broadcast on Channel Annalisa reaches final, finishing second in the category of singers, but still won 50,000 euros as journalistic Critics Award. His first solo album, titled "Nali", was released on 4 March 2011 with the label "Warner Music Italy": the disc includes nine tracks and was promised through the single "Diamond she he light", who won the gold for having exceeded 15,000 digital sales. The album, however, gets the Platinum for 60 thousand copies sold and a Wind Music Award. After receiving the award as the year's Valbormidese at the "21st International Trophy City of Cairo Montenotte," has the opportunity to sing with Claudio Baglioni in review "or" Wake ", held on the island of Lampedusa.
In the summer of 2011, participates in the "Nokia friends in Tour", tv program related event that has become known, but also the transmission of Raiuno "notes of the Angels". In winter, take part in "Io canto", featured on Channel 5 from Gerry Scotti and "l'anno che verrà", aired on the night of December The 2012 is the year of his second album, "While everything changes", released on 27 March and preceded by the single "without reservation".
Back to "friends" in the so-called big circuit, Sadeghi arrives in the final in fourth place, behind Marco Carta, Emma Brown and Alessandra Amoroso, once again winning the critics ' Prize in journalism. After taking part in "I, the orchestra, women and love", "unique special stage tour" by Antonello Venditti, Annalisa begins his first tour, called "While everything changes tour", along with the band composed of Marco Daugherty (bass), Alessandro Guerzoni (drums), Tiziano Borghi (on piano) and Emiliano Fantuzzi (acoustic and electric guitars). On 13 December of 2012 is made known that the interpreter savonese take part in the Sanremo Festival: 2013 onstage at the Ariston, will present "Sparks" and "I can't dance".
In 2015 the Sanremo back on stage to present his new song "among the stars".
Biography of Monica Setta
August 5, 1964
Monica Setta was born in Brindisi on August 5, 19After graduating in philosophy, becomes a professional journalist in 19Writes articles for "day" and "Milano Finanza".
Afterwards Monica Setta was named senior editor for the Roman newspaper "the voice".
In 1996 shall enter into RCS: holds the position of managing editor at first for the magazine "Capital" and, then, from 2001 to the magazine combined with "Corriere della Sera" on Friday, "I am woman".
In 2004 move to Hachette Rusconi Publishing House, where he works as a senior editor at people magazine, until 2007, before moving on to "Gente Viaggi".
On TV becomes popular, revealing the background of international gossip. Out of The 7 leads transmissions "mixed doubles", there is "so and so", "The heart of power" and "Women in the mirror". Rai Due to "Bye bye baby".
In 2003 participates in the after Festival (Festival di Sanremo).
In the 2006-2007 edition of "Domenica In", on Rai Uno, leads the policy book "Seven for sect". It re-confirmed in the 2007-2008 television season and 2008-2009 as presenter of space "Sunday In politics".
From 2009 the program leads "The fact of the day", aired every weekday from 14 on Rai Due.
In 2010 he became a member of the jury in the Rai Due "the largest (Italian of all time)", hosted by Francesco Facchinetti. April leads a program in late evening after "Annozero" (Michele Santoro) titled "Sins-the seven deadly sins".
Monica Setta is also the author of several books, including "Berlusconi on sofa" (1994), "Women and power" (2001), "manager" (2002), "the powers that be" (2003), "Flavia and the others. Prodi's wife and friends "(2006)," I married for love. Life as First lady between sense and sensibility "(2007).